Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during the programmed death of insect skeletal muscle

Cascone, Pamela J.; Schwartz, Lawrence M.

doi:10.1007/s004270100172

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The more than twofold upregulation of UBC mRNA in the current study points to enhanced tagging of proteins for proteolytic degradation by the proteolytic ubiquitin pathway. It is possible that enhanced protein degradation could also include degradation of muscle-specific mRNAs and explain our results [6,16].…”

Section: Upregulated Gene Transcriptsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Muscle transcriptome adaptations with mild eccentric ergometer exercise

Klossner

Däpp

Schmutz

et al. 2007

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The muscle has a wide range of possibilities to adapt its phenotype. Repetitive submaximal concentric exercise (i.e., shortening contractions) mainly leads to adaptations of muscle oxidative metabolism and endurance while eccentric exercise (i.e., lengthening contractions) results in muscle growth and gain of muscle strength. Modified gene expression is believed to mediate these exercise-specific muscle adjustments. In the present study, early alterations of the gene expression signature were monitored by a muscle-specific microarray. Transcript profiling was performed on muscle biopsies of vastus lateralis obtained from six male subjects before and in a 24-h time course after a single bout of mild eccentric ergometer exercise. The eccentric exercise consisted of 15 min of eccentric cycling at 50% of the individual maximal concentric power output leading to muscle soreness (5.9 on a 0-10 visual analogue scale) and limited muscle damage (1.7-fold elevated creatine kinase activity). Muscle impairment was highlighted by a transient reduction in jumping height after the eccentric exercise. On the gene expression level, we observed a general early downregulation of detected transcripts, followed by a slow recovery close to the control values within the first 24 h post exercise. Only very few regulatory factors were increased. This expression signature is different from the signature of a previously published metabolic response after an intensive endurance-type concentric exercise as well as after maximal eccentric exercise. This is the first description of the time course of changes in gene expression as a consequence of a mild eccentric stimulus.

show abstract

Section: Upregulated Gene Transcriptsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Muscle transcriptome adaptations with mild eccentric ergometer exercise

Klossner

Däpp

Schmutz

et al. 2007

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…68 Analysis of cell-free extracts of Manduca ISMs has demonstrated that all mRNAs analyzed displayed a significant reduction in half-life on the day preceding ISM death. This regulation was dependent on sequences present in the 3 0 untranslated regions of the transcripts and could be transferred to ectopic mRNAs such as b-galactosidase.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Atrophy and Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the ISMs, actin mRNA stability and translatability may be regulated in part through the AU-rich elements (AREs) present in its 3 0 untranslated region. 68 AREs are key regulatory sites and recent studies have demonstrated that the binding of microRNAs to AREs can serve as a switch to both enhance and repress translatability of specific mRNAs. [69][70][71] Thus, the regulation of gene expression in the ISMs may be regulated at multiple levels.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Atrophy and Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrophy and programmed cell death of skeletal muscle

Schwartz

2008

Cell Death Differ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Striated skeletal is subject to nonlethal cycles of atrophy in response to a variety of physiological and pathological stimuli, including: starvation, disuse, denervation and inflammation. These cells can also undergo cell death in response to appropriate developmental signals or specific pathological insults. Most of the insights gained into the control of vertebrate skeletal muscle atrophy and death have resulted from experimental interventions rather than natural processes. In contrast, the intersegmental muscles (ISMs) of moths are giant cells that initiate sequential and distinct programs of atrophy and death at the end of metamorphosis as a normal component of development. This model has provided fundamental information about the control, biochemistry, molecular biology and anatomy of naturally occurring atrophy and death in vivo. The ISMs have provided a good complement to studies in vertebrates and may provide insights into clinically relevant disorders.

show abstract

“…ISMs, which may facilitate the rapid upregulation of death-associated transcripts (47). It is not known if these genic piRNAs might participate in this process via some uncharacterized mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have demonstrated that ISM PCD requires de novo gene expression, and numerous death-associated genes have been identified (42, 45, 46). During the transition from atrophy to death, some ISM transcripts display significant changes in stability and translatability that can be localized to their 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) (47). Indeed, direct testing has demonstrated that the specific microRNAs can regulate the translation of specific death-associated transcripts (42).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic piRNAs and Transposons are Differentially Regulated During Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Programmed Cell Death

Tsuji

Thomson

Brown

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PiWi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small single-stranded RNAs that can repress transposon expression via epigenetic silencing and transcript degradation. They have been identified predominantly in the ovary and testis, where they serve essential roles in transposon silencing in order to protect the integrity of the genome in the germline. The potential expression of piRNAs in somatic cells has been controversial. In the present study we demonstrate the expression of piRNAs derived from both genic and transposon RNAs in the intersegmental muscles (ISMs) from the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta. These piRNAs are abundantly expressed, are ~27 nt long, map antisense to transposons, are oxidation resistant, exhibit a uridine bias at their first nucleotide, and amplify via the canonical ping-pong pathway. An RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that 20 piRNA pathway genes are expressed in the ISMs and are developmentally regulated. The abundance of piRNAs does not change when the muscles initiate developmentally-regulated atrophy, but are repressed when cells become committed to undergo programmed cell death at the end of metamorphosis. This change in piRNA expression is associated with the targeted repression of several retrotransposons and the induction of specific DNA transposons. The developmental changes in the expression of piRNAs, piRNA pathway genes, and transposons are all regulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone, the steroid hormone that controls the timing of ISM death. Taken together, these data provide compelling evidence for the existence of piRNA in somatic tissues and suggest that they may play roles in developmental processes such as programmed cell death.Author SummarypiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that suppress the expression of transposable elements, parasitic DNA that if reintegrated, can harm the integrity of the host genome. The expression of piRNAs and their associated regulatory proteins has been studied predominantly in germ cells and some stem cells. We have found that they are also expressed in skeletal muscles in the moth Manduca sexta that undergo developmentally-regulated atrophy and programmed cell death at the end of metamorphosis. The expression of transposons becomes deregulated when the muscles become committed to die, which may play a functional role in the demise of the cell by inducing genome damage. piRNA-mediated control of transposons may represent a novel mechanism that contributes to the regulated death of highly differentiated somatic cells.

show abstract

Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during the programmed death of insect skeletal muscle

Cited by 11 publications

References 60 publications

Muscle transcriptome adaptations with mild eccentric ergometer exercise

Muscle transcriptome adaptations with mild eccentric ergometer exercise

Atrophy and programmed cell death of skeletal muscle

Somatic piRNAs and Transposons are Differentially Regulated During Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Programmed Cell Death

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About