Post traumatic inferior vena cava thrombosis: A case report and review of literature

Abstract

HighlightsThis serious post traumatic entity with high risk of pulmonary embolism is not well described and only few cases have been published.Bleeding risk due to the frequent association of anticoagulation and trauma is the main difficulty encountered by health care providers.Our manuscript tried to highlight diagnostic aspects, therapeutic options and outcome of post traumatic inferior vena cava thrombosis.

Traumatic Mesenteric Tear with Right Adrenal Haematoma and Partial Thrombosis of Inferior Vena Cava- A Rare Association

“…The clinical manifestations of IVC thrombosis have been described in the setting of complete thrombosis and include ascites, lower limb oedema/varicosities, features of Budd-Chiari syndrome and pulmonary embolism. [2,9] In our case, the thrombus was only small, eccentric and non-occlusive, so no specific clinical features of IVC thrombosis were seen. Also, no clinical evidence of pulmonary embolism was seen.…”

“…[7][8][9][10][11] In some cases, where there is no associated solid organ injury or retroperitoneal haematoma, endothelial and shearing injury have been postulated as the cause of venous thrombosis. [2,9] In our cases, there was hyperdense right adrenal haematoma with thrombosis of right adrenal vein and this thrombus was seen to extend directly into infrahepatic IVC causing its partial thrombosis. This is another mechanism of IVC thrombosis which has not been reported previously in literature.…”

“…Post traumatic venous thrombosis in abdomen has been reported in portomesenteric veins and in inferior vena cava (IVC). [2][3][4] IVC thrombosis secondary to blunt abdominal trauma is exceedingly rare with only about 20 cases reported in the literature, some of them being seen in association with underlying hypercoagulable states. [2] In some reported cases, IVC thrombosis was associated with retroperitoneal and pericaval haematomas which can cause compression and stasis in IVC leading to thrombus formation.…”

“…[2][3][4] IVC thrombosis secondary to blunt abdominal trauma is exceedingly rare with only about 20 cases reported in the literature, some of them being seen in association with underlying hypercoagulable states. [2] In some reported cases, IVC thrombosis was associated with retroperitoneal and pericaval haematomas which can cause compression and stasis in IVC leading to thrombus formation. [5,6] Some cases have also been reported in association with hepatic or renal lacerations with extension of thrombus from hepatic or renal vein into the IVC.…”

“…[1] Post-traumatic thrombosis of inferior vena cava (IVC) is a very rare event with only isolated case reported in literature. [2] We report a rare case of mesenteric tear with segmental small bowel infarction. There was also right adrenal gland haematoma with associated thrombosis of right adrenal vein, which was extending into inferior vena cava causing its partial thrombosis.…”