Postbiotics in human health: Possible new functional ingredients?

Hernández-Granados, María José; Franco‐Robles, Elena

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109660

Cited by 65 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…SCFAs are the main group of metabolites produced via pathways of fermentation in intestinal bacteria [28]. These SCFAs are volatile aliphatic carboxylic acids containing no more than five carbon atoms and are considered a potential class of postbiotics [29,30]. As SCFAs are carboxylic acids, they exist in solution as dissociated forms and are therefore regularly referred to by their carboxylate anion, with acetate (C2), propionate (C3).…”

Section: The Characteristics Of Scfasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, nutritional feeding through foods and beverages containing SCFA and or raw vegetables containing MACs for bacterial fermentation is a relatively unexplored alternative mode of delivering SCFA to the circulation [159,170,171]. For these reasons, fermented foods have been proposed to have "postbiotic" effects, where SCFAs produced as a result of fermentation could have therapeutic potential [30]. Appropriate dosing to achieve physiologically relevant delivery must be determined, particularly as the metabolism of SCFA varies between human and mouse [172].…”

Section: Dietary Approaches To Optimize Scfa Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training

2021

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Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced in the gut via microbial fermentation of dietary fibers referred to as microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). Acetate, propionate, and butyrate have been observed to regulate host dietary nutrient metabolism, energy balance, and local and systemic immune functions. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown links between the presence of bacteria-derived SCFAs and host health through the blunting of inflammatory processes, as well as purported protection from the development of illness associated with respiratory infections. This bank of evidence suggests that SCFAs could be beneficial to enhance the athlete’s immunity, as well as act to improve exercise recovery via anti-inflammatory activity and to provide additional energy substrates for exercise performance. However, the mechanistic basis and applied evidence for these relationships in humans have yet to be fully established. In this narrative review, we explore the existing knowledge of SCFA synthesis and the functional importance of the gut microbiome composition to induce SCFA production. Further, changes in gut microbiota associated with exercise and various dietary MACs are described. Finally, we provide suggestions for future research and practical applications, including how these metabolites could be manipulated through dietary fiber intake to optimize immunity and energy metabolism.

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Section: The Characteristics Of Scfasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Approaches To Optimize Scfa Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training

2021

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“…2020). Postbiotics are composed of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), vitamins, enzymes, and exopolysaccharide (EPS) derived from probiotics (Hernãndez‐Granados and Franco‐Robles 2020). SCFAs (e.g., butyrate, propionate, and acetate) are associated with immune status (Kim 2021), inflammatory bowel disease (Russo et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell‐free culture supernatant of Lactobacillus curvatus Wikim38 inhibits RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation and ameliorates bone loss in ovariectomized mice

Jang

Park

Kim

et al. 2021

Lett Appl Microbiol

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This study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effects of the cell‐free culture supernatant of Lactobacillus curvatus Wikim 38 (LC38‐CS) on RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation and bone loss in a mice model of ovariectomy‐induced post‐menopausal osteoporosis. LC38‐CS inhibited the RANKL‐induced differentiation of bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) into osteoclasts in a dose‐dependent manner. F‐actin ring formation and bone resorption were also reduced by LC38‐CS treatment of RANKL‐treated BMDMs. In addition, LC38‐CS decreased the RANKL‐induced activation of the TRAF6/NF‐κB/MAPKs axis at the early stage and the expression of osteoclastogenesis‐related genes in BMDMs treated with RANKL. PRMT1 and ADMA levels, new biomarkers for osteoclastogenesis, were decreased by LC38‐CS treatment. The administration of LC38‐CS increased bone volume and bone mineral density in ovariectomized mice in μ‐CT analysis. These findings suggest that LC38‐CS inhibited RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation by the downregulation of molecular mechanisms and exerted anti‐osteoporotic effects.

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“…The potential of new and promising upcoming nutritional interventions such as MDCFs ( 73 ) and postbiotics ( 74 ) should be investigated. MDCF is complementary food made of locally available food ingredients that can stimulate the proliferation of growth-promoting members of the gut microbiota ( 75 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota–Targeted Nutritional Interventions Improving Child Growth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Heuven

Pyle

Greyling

et al. 2021

Current Developments in Nutrition

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The objective of this systematic literature review was to evaluate the efficacy of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic interventions compared to control on improving growth outcomes of children living in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Probiotics had a beneficial effect on at least one of the growth outcomes in five out of the eleven included studies. Of these, three studies were conducted in undernourished children, one in healthy children, and one in children without a described health status. No effect of prebiotics on the growth outcomes was seen in the four included studies. Synbiotics had a beneficial effect on growth outcomes in three out of four studies. While a limited number of studies with high heterogeneity indicate that probiotics and synbiotics may have the potential to improve the growth of both undernourished and healthy children living in LMIC, more research is needed to confirm the observed effects. The study was registered at the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO, reg. no. CRD42020212998).

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Postbiotics in human health: Possible new functional ingredients?

Cited by 65 publications

References 130 publications

The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training

The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training

Cell‐free culture supernatant of Lactobacillus curvatus Wikim38 inhibits RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation and ameliorates bone loss in ovariectomized mice

Gut Microbiota–Targeted Nutritional Interventions Improving Child Growth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

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