Postenucleation orbital sialocele in a dog associated with prior parotid duct transposition

Abstract

An orbital sialocele developed in a dog following enucleation for protracted glaucoma. This eye had historically been treated for keratoconjunctivitis sicca by parotid duct transposition approximately 5 years previously, and the duct was ligated distally at the time of enucleation. One month following enucleation, the dog presented with a fluctuant conical-shaped swelling ventrolateral to the orbital socket. Surgical exploration revealed a dilated, fibrotic distal portion of the previously transposed parotid duct, and saliva, within the enucleated orbit. The distal portion of the duct and saliva-containing tissues from within the orbit were excised. The remaining proximal normal portion of the parotid duct was re-routed into the oral cavity. Clinicopathologic and histologic examination of the excised orbital contents and dilated portion of duct revealed a sterile sample of saliva and moderate chronic periductal fibrosis. At a 6-month re-evaluation there was no evidence of recurrence of the sialocele, and the parotid duct was functional.

Eye removal following parotid duct transposition surgery: A survey of current practice among veterinary ophthalmologists

“…2 Ligation has also been reported to have resulted in orbital sialocele development in two dogs. 5,6 It should be of note that one of those dogs, a Yorkshire terrier, 8 was also reported in this study.…”

“…Some of these dogs go on to require removal of the eye due to complications from surgery such as severe saliva intolerance 2 or obstruction of the duct, 3 as well as ocular disease unrelated to the PDT. 4 There are reports of reversal of a PDT with reimplantation into the mouth at the time of orbital exenteration, 5 as well as days after enucleation and PDT ligation due to subsequent sialocele formation, 6 and one dog where the eye was not removed at all. 2 At the time of this manuscript submission, there were no reported complications for any dog undergoing reversal and reimplantation of PDT.…”

“…2 At the time of this manuscript submission, there were no reported complications for any dog undergoing reversal and reimplantation of PDT. Reported complications of ligation of a PDT duct include orbital sialocele formation 6 and prolonged dilation of the duct with discomfort. 5 However, there is not a published standard of care surgical approach with regard to the transposed duct at the time of enucleation/exenteration (eye removal).…”

Exophthalmos associated to orbital zygomatic mucocele and complex maxillary malformation in a puppy

“…Both CT and MR imaging have been reported as useful diagnostic tools for the evaluation of canine mucocele (Boland et al, 2013;Torad and Hassan, 2013;Namsoon et al, 2014;Nemec et al, 2015). Neoplasia, sialoliths, trauma, and foreign bodies invading the glandular structures have been identified as possible causes of mucocele in dogs (Harvey, 1971;Guinan et al, 2007;Atkins et al, 2010;Adams et al, 2011;Philp et al, 2012). Zygomatic mucocele in dogs has also been described as a postoperative complication secondary to caudal hemimaxillectomy or maxillary tooth extraction (Clarke and L'Eplattenier, 2010;Adams et al, 2011).…”

“…Unilateral exophthalmos in dogs is observed in conjunction with a variety of diseases. The possible differential diagnoses for exophthalmos include primary or secondary orbital neoplasia, inflammatory orbital diseases, orbital varices, and cystic\exudative orbital diseases (zygomatic salivary gland mucocele, hematic cyst secondary to trauma or immune-mediated disease, dacryops, or orbital oedema) (Karbe and Nielsen, 1966;Harvey, 1971;Bellenger and Simpson, 1992;Guinan et al, 2007;Atkins et al, 2010;Adams et al, 2011;Cannon et al, 2011;Philp et al, 2012). Despite the variable underlying causes, the clinical signs of these various conditions are very similar to one another.…”