Posterior Cystoid Retinal Degeneration in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

Abstract

Cystoid retinal degeneration in eyes with chronic CSC was distributed outside of the fovea and was not necessarily associated with severely reduced visual acuity. "Posterior cystoid retinal degeneration" defines this pathologic pattern appropriately. OCT findings suggest that intraretinal exudation and cystoid changes in chronic CSC develop through the formation of chorioretinal adherences.

Central serous chorioretinopathy: Recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis

“…In addition to chronic SRD, OCT shows multifocal RPE atrophy in areas corresponding to the hypoautofluorescent tracks, and irregular RPE detachments. Intraretinal cystoid cavities can also be observed (Iida et al, 2003;Piccolino et al, 2008a) and are associated with disease duration longer than 5 years (Piccolino et al, 2008b). Aggressive forms of chronic CSCR characterized by bullous SRD and massive exudation with subretinal fibrin deposits have been referred to as "multifocal posterior pigment epitheliopathy" (Uyama et al, 1999), a term rarely employed in the recent literature.…”

“…The difference between "simple" acute CSCR and chronic cases relies mainly on the extension of RPE involvement. Besides PEDs, focal RPE rips, areas of RPE atrophy and RPE hypertrophy have been described, and may belong to a wider spectrum of localized and diffuse epitheliopathy involved in the different stages of CSCR (Lim and Wong, 2008;Piccolino et al, 2008a;Yalcinbayir et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2013a) (Fig. 6I).…”

“…They may disappear or fluctuate, suggesting fluid passage through a compromised RPE contribute to their formation. Interestingly, in the interpapilomacular region, intraretinal cysts are often observed earlier in the disease evolution, over areas of RPE atrophy (Iida et al, 2003;Piccolino et al, 2008aPiccolino et al, , 2008b. Hyper-reflective dots frequently accumulate in the subretinal space below the detached neurosensory retina (Kon et al, 2008;Maruko et al, 2011a;Spaide and Klancnik, 2005) and within several retinal layers (Ahlers et al, 2009;Kon et al, 2008;Yalcinbayir et al, 2014).…”

Choroidal Neovascularization in Caucasian Patients With Longstanding Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

“…A 65-year-old man with an ocular history of CSC for 4 years was referred to our clinic for a persistent visual 35 In addition, 3 sharp protrusions of the RPE line were observed on OCT corresponding to the polyp lesions seen on ICGA (Figure 5, E-G).…”

Central serous chorioretinopathy: an update on pathogenesis and treatment

“…102 Duration of symptoms more than 5 years and subretinal fibrosis have been identified as risk factors for the development of posterior cystoid retinal degeneration in CSC, but this is not necessarily associated with marked reduction in visual acuity. 103 On the contrary, there are cases of foveal atrophy associated with severe visual loss in long-standing serous macular detachment without any cystoid changes in the retina.…”