Postglacial paleoecology and successional relationships of a bog woodland near Prince Rupert, British Columbia

Banner, A.; Pojar, J.; Rouse, G. E.

doi:10.1139/x83-125

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Banner et al (1983) suggest the change from zone HM-2 to HM-3 may reflect a cooling and moistening trend between 7000 and 6000 BP. The earlier two zones, when forests were more productive and little peat accumulated, may reflect relatively warm and dry climates of the early Holocene.…”

Section: Northern British Columbiamentioning

confidence: 94%

“…2) and physiographic units. For its diversity and size only a few records, mainly from the western (Banner et al, 1983;Gottesfeld et al, 1991;Miller and Anderson, 1974;Cwynar, 1988;1994;Spooner, 1994) and eastern margins of the region (White and Mathewes, 1982;MacDonald, 1984MacDonald, , 1987 provide insight into vegetation and climate history.…”

Section: Northern British Columbiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Western margin Banner et al (1983) described a 8700 year sequence from a bog woodland near Mt. Hayes in the CWH zone near Prince Rupert (Fig.…”

Section: Northern British Columbiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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British Columbia Vegetation and Climate History with Focus on 6 ka BP

Hebda¹

2007

gpq

132

104

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British Columbia Holocene vegetation and climate is reconstructed from pollen records. A coastal Pinus contorta paleobiome developed after glacier retreat under cool and probably dry climate. Cool moist forests involving Picea, Abies, Tsuga spp., and Pinus followed until the early Holocene. Pseudotsuga menziesii arrived and spread in the south 10 000-9000 BP, and Picea sitchensis - Tsuga heterophylla forests developed in the north. T. heterophylla increased 7500-7000 BP, and Cupressaceae expanded 5000-4000 BP. Bogs began to develop and expland. Modern vegetation arose 4000-2000 BP. There were early Holocene grass and Artemisia communities at mid-elevations and pine stands at high elevations in southern interior B.C. Forests expanded downslope and lakes formed 8500-7000 BP. Modern forests arose 4500-4000 BP while lower and upper tree lines declined. In northern B.C. non-arboreal communities preceded middle Holocene Picea forests. Abies, Pinus and Picea mariana predominated at various sites after 4000 BP. At 6000 BP Tsuga heterophylla (south) and Picea sitchensis (north) dominated the coast and islands and Quercus garryana and Pseudotsuga on southeast Vancouver Island, but Thuja plicata was infrequent. Southern Interior Plateau vegetation at 6000 BP was more open than today at middle to lower elevations, whereas forests covered the Northern Interior Plateau. Picea forests occurred in northern B.C. Holocene climate phases were: 1) warm dry "xerothermic" ca. 9500-7000 BP, 2) warm moist "mesothermic" ca. 7000-4500 BP, 3) moderate and moist 4500-0 BP, with increasing moisture 8500-6000 BP and cooling (?increased moisture) 4500-3000 BP. B.Cs Hypsithermal had dry and wet stages; 6000 BP occurred in the warm and wet mesothermic stage.Cette reconstitution a été effectuée à partir des données polliniques. Un paléobiome à Pinus contorta s'est établi après le retrait des glaciers sous un climat frais et probablement sec. Des forêts de climat frais et humide à dominance de Picea, Abies, Tsuga spp. et Pinus ont suivi, jusqu'à l'Holocène inférieur. Pseudotsuga menziesii s'est ensuite répandu dans le sud de 10 000 à 9000 BP, tandis que les forêts à Picea sitchensis - Tsuga heterophylla se sont répandues dans le nord. T. heterophylla s'est accru de 7500 à 7000 BP et Cupressaceae s'est répandu de 5000 à 4000 BP. La végétation moderne s'est manifestée de 4000-2000 BP. Dans le sud de la partie intérieure, il y a eu des herbes et des communautés d'Artemisia aux altitudes moyennes et des peuplements de pins en haute altitude au début de l'Holocène. Les forêts modernes se sont formées de 4500 à 4000 BP, tandis que les limites des arbres déclinaient. Au nord, les communautés non arboréennes ont précédé les forêts de pins de l'Holocène moyen. Abies, Pinus et Picea mariana ont prédominé en différents sites après 4000 BP. À 6000 BP, Tsuga heterophylla (au sud) et Pinus sitchensis (au nord) ont dominé sur les côtes et les îles et Quercus garryana ainsi que Pseudotsuga, le sud-est de l'île de Vancouver. La végétation du sud du plateau intérie...

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Section: Northern British Columbiamentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Northern British Columbiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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British Columbia Vegetation and Climate History with Focus on 6 ka BP

Hebda¹

2007

gpq

132

104

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“…When the AL is on average more eastward and/or stronger than usual, a climate characterised by relatively cool summers and mild winters with high precipitation is experienced in coastal BC. This is in part because (Barnosky, 1981); (2) Lake Washington (Leopold et al, 1982); (3) Crocker Lake and Cedar Swamp (McLachlan and Brubaker, 1995); (4) Kirk Lake (Cwynar, 1987); (5) East Sooke Fen (Brown and Hebda, 2002); (6) Pixie Lake (Brown and Hebda, 2002); (7) Walker Lake (Brown and Hebda, 2003); (8) Whyac Lake (Brown and Hebda, 2002); (9) Saanich Inlet (Pellatt et al, 2001); (10) Porphory Lake (Brown and Hebda, 2003); (11) Marion and Surprise Lakes (Mathewes, 1973;Mathewes and Heusser, 1981); (12) Pinecrest and Squeah Lakes (Mathewes and Rouse, 1975); (13) Brooks Peninsula (Hebda, 1997); (14) Misty Lake (Lacourse, 2005); (15) Bear Cove Bog (Hebda, 1983); (16) (Quickfall, 1987); (17) West Side Pond ; (18) SC1 Pond (Pellatt and Mathewes, 1997); (19) Louise Pond (Pellatt and Mathewes, 1994); (20) Shangri-La Bog (Pellatt and Mathewes, 1997);(21, 22) (Warner, 1984);(23, 24) (Quickfall, 1987); (25) Dogfish Bank ; (26) (Banner et al, 1983); (27) Diana Lake Bog (Turunen and Turunen, 2003); (28) Skinny Lake (Spooner et al, 2002); (29) Susie Lake (Spooner et al, 1997); (30) Pyramid Lake ; (31) Pleasant Island (Hansen and Engstrom, 1996); (32) Waterdevil Lake (Spear and Cwynar, 1997); (33) Kettlehole Pond (Cwynar, 1988); (34) Icy Cape (Peteet, 1986); (35) Little Swift Lake …”

Section: Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Postglacial vegetation and climate dynamics in the Seymour‐Belize Inlet Complex, central coastal British Columbia, Canada: palynological evidence from Tiny Lake

Galloway

Doherty

Patterson

et al. 2009

J Quaternary Science

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A pollen-based study from Tiny Lake in the Seymour-Belize Inlet Complex of central coastal British Columbia, Canada, permits an evaluation of the dynamic response of coastal temperate rainforests to postglacial climate change. Open Pinus parklands grew at the site during the early Lateglacial when the climate was cool and dry, but more humid conditions in the later phases of the Lateglacial permitted mesophytic conifers to colonise the region. Early Holocene conditions were warmer than present and a successional mosaic of Tsuga heterophylla and Alnus occurred at Tiny Lake. Climate cooling and moistening at 8740 AE 70 14 C a BP initiated the development of closed, late successional T. heterophylla-Cupressaceae forests, which achieved modern character after 6860 AE 50 14 C a BP, when a temperate and very wet climate became established. The onset of early Holocene climate cooling and moistening at Tiny Lake may have preceded change at more southern locations, including within the Seymour-Belize Inlet Complex, on a meso-to synoptic scale. This would suggest that an early Holocene intensification of the Aleutian Low pressure system was an important influence on forest dynamics in the Seymour-Belize Inlet Complex and that the study region was located near the southern extent of immediate influence of this semi-permanent air mass.

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“…The following synthesis is based on the work by LaCourse and Mathewes (2005) Turunen (2003), Hetherington et al (2003), Banner et al (1983) and Cronin (2010: Chapter 8). All of these studies took place or drew data from the North coast region.…”

Section: 72: Pollen Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Demography and the Evolution of Logistic Organization on the Northern Northwest Coast Between 11,000 and 5,000 cal BP

Brown¹

2000

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Focusing on the relationship between demography and sedentary behavior, this thesis explores changes to mobility strategies on the Northern Northwest Coast of North America between 11,000 and 5,000 cal BP. Drawing on a regional database of radiocarbon dates, it uses summed probability distributions (SPDs) of calibrated dates as a proxy for population change, in combination with syntheses of previously published technological, paleo environmental and settlement pattern data to test three hypotheses derived from the literature about the development of logistic mobility among maritime hunter-gatherers on the Northern Coast.In all, each of the hypotheses proposes that early peoples on the coast were foragers that utilized high levels of residential mobility, who later adopted collector (logistic) strategies. Two of the hypotheses emphasize the role of population growth and/or packing and resource distribution in this transformation, while the third emphasizes population replacement. Other issues addressed within this thesis are whether or not the forager-collector continuum, as it is used for terrestrial hunter-gatherers, can be applied to those in aquatic settings. Also explored, is the question of whether the available data is sufficient for making and/or testing claims about early mobility patterns in the region.The results of the demographic models suggest that while population levels were volatile, volatility declined through time and that there is no significant trend in either growth or decline of overall population levels throughout the region. This thesis also The principle analytic contribution of this research comes from the demographic modeling that relied on the construction of summed probability distributions. Though these methods have become commonplace in other settings (namely Europe), this thesis presents the first application of these methods within the time period and region covered.Moreover, this research is one of the only of its kind to address demographic histories within coastal landscapes that utilizes both marine and terrestrial 14 C samples. In order to explore possible biases within the database, comparisons of marine and terrestrial SPDs were made between sub-sections of the region (i.e. Haida Gwaii, Southeast Alaska and the Dundas Islands).Though patterning between each of these areas was consistent, these comparative methods revealed an unexpected finding; a massive population crash throughout the region that began between ~9,000-8,800 cal BP and lasted till around 8,400 cal BP.Importantly, this crash was witnessed within all of the individual sub-areas and within SPDs made from both the marine and terrestrial 14 C samples, though the reasons behind this collapse and verification of its existence require future research. However, finding iii this collapse at all further highlighted the need for use of correctly calibrated 14 C dates, as the gap in 14 C dates effectively disappears when using uncalibrated dates, which has been a longstanding tradition within Northwest archaeolo...

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Postglacial paleoecology and successional relationships of a bog woodland near Prince Rupert, British Columbia

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

British Columbia Vegetation and Climate History with Focus on 6 ka BP

British Columbia Vegetation and Climate History with Focus on 6 ka BP

Postglacial vegetation and climate dynamics in the Seymour‐Belize Inlet Complex, central coastal British Columbia, Canada: palynological evidence from Tiny Lake

Demography and the Evolution of Logistic Organization on the Northern Northwest Coast Between 11,000 and 5,000 cal BP

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