Postharvest Treatment of Fruits

Kovácas, Etelka

doi:10.1007/1-4020-2535-1_7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Bismuth (Bi) is an element known to be potent in refining the graphite nodules of ductile iron. [12,13] All these will certainly have some influence on the fracture toughness of the ascast and the austempered ductile iron. A difference in casting sizes naturally provides a mass effect that changes the volume percentage of the F and P matrices as well as the SG nodule count [8] in the as-cast ductile iron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of casting size and graphite nodule refinement on fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Lee

Hsu

Feng

et al. 1998

Metall Mater Trans A

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Casting size affects the solidification cooling rate and microstructure of casting materials. Graphite nodules existing in the structure of ductile iron are an inherent and inert second phase that cannot be modified in subsequent heat-treatment processing. The matrix and the fineness of the second phase undoubtedly have some impact on the fracture toughness of the as-cast material, as does the subsequent heat treatment, as it alters the microstructure. This research applied austempering heat treatment to ductile iron of different section sizes and graphite nodule finenesses. The influence of these variables on the plane strain fracture toughness (K IC ) of the castings so treated was compared to that of the as-cast state. Metallography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed to correlate the properties attained to the microstructural observation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of casting size and graphite nodule refinement on fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Lee

Hsu

Feng

et al. 1998

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…lent mechanical properties together with wear resistance and has been subjected to extensive research in recent years. [1][2][3][4][5][6] B. Heat Treatment Despite the similarity of austempering heat treatments between steel and cast iron, yet because of the difference This experiment adopted the two-step HLAT concept, [16,18] in microstructural constituents, the resulting phase for steel is as wear resistance (which is better for lower ausferrite) is termed "bainite" while that for iron is termed "ausferrite."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of stepped austempering process on the fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Hsu

Chuang

2001

Metall Mater Trans A

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This research studied the effect of a two-step austempering process on the fracture toughness of ductile iron and compared it to that of the conventional upper-and lower-ausferrite austempered ductile irons (ADIs). The results showed that such a two-step austempering heat-treatment process yielded a fracture-toughness value equivalent to that of the upper-ausferrite ADI, while the hardness was maintained at the level of lower-ausferrite ADI. This provided a unique combination of high toughness with good hardness (strength) properties for the ADI with a two-step austempering. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed to correlate the properties attained to the microstructural features.

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Effect of electric shock on the media and foliar spray of CaCl₂to the nutritional and bioactive content of lettuce

Lestari

Mardiyani

Sugiarto

2019

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Postharvest Treatment of Fruits

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Influence of casting size and graphite nodule refinement on fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Influence of casting size and graphite nodule refinement on fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Influence of stepped austempering process on the fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Effect of electric shock on the media and foliar spray of CaCl₂to the nutritional and bioactive content of lettuce

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Postharvest Treatment of Fruits

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Influence of casting size and graphite nodule refinement on fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Influence of casting size and graphite nodule refinement on fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Influence of stepped austempering process on the fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron

Effect of electric shock on the media and foliar spray of CaCl2to the nutritional and bioactive content of lettuce

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Product

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Effect of electric shock on the media and foliar spray of CaCl₂to the nutritional and bioactive content of lettuce