Postmenopausal Hormone Use and the Risk of Nephrolithiasis

Maalouf, Naim M.; Sato, Alicia; Welch, Brian J.; Howard, Barbara V.; Cochrane, Barbara B.; Sakhaee, Khashayar; Robbins, John A.

doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.342

Cited by 46 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…While Maalouf et al provided evidence that estrogen supplementation increases the risk for kidney stones in post-menopausal women [26], other studies demonstrate an inhibitory effect of female reproductive hormones [27,28]. Additionally, data regarding the potential mechanisms are inconsistent [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of children with nephrolithiasis

et al. 2015

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While the incidence of pediatric kidney stones appears to be increasing, little is known about the demographic, clinical, laboratory, imaging, and management variables in this patient population. We sought to describe various characteristics of our stone-forming pediatric population. To that end, we retrospectively reviewed the charts of pediatric patients with nephrolithiasis confirmed by imaging. Data were collected on multiple variables from each patient and analyzed for trends. For body mass index (BMI) controls, data from the general pediatrics population similar to our nephrolithiasis population were used. Data on 155 pediatric nephrolithiasis patients were analyzed. Of the 54 calculi available for analysis, 98% were calcium-based. Low urine volume, elevated supersaturation of calcium phosphate, elevated supersaturation of calcium oxalate, and hypercalciuria were the most commonly identified abnormalities on analysis of 24-hour urine collections. Our stone-forming population did not have a higher BMI than our general pediatrics population, making it unlikely that obesity is a risk factor for nephrolithiasis in children. More girls presented with their first stone during adolescence, suggesting a role for reproductive hormones contributing to stone risk, while boys tended to present more commonly at a younger age, though this did not reach statistical significance. These intriguing findings warrant further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of children with nephrolithiasis

et al. 2015

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“…Maalouf et al 46 analyzed the WHI database for kidney stones. We examined Maalouf et al's presentation of the data for the timing hypothesis and found that only the cohorts of women 6 to 10 years beyond the menopause and aged 60 to 64 had CIs of hazard ratio (HR) greater than 1 (Figs.…”

Section: The Role Of Eu-estrogenemia In Liver Function Diabetes Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

A theory of eu-estrogenemia: a unifying concept

Turner

Kerber

2017

Menopause

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Objective:The aim of the study was to propose a unifying theory for the role of estrogen in postmenopausal women through examples in basic science, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and clinical practice.Methods:Review and evaluation of the literature relating to estrogen.Discussion:The role of hormone therapy and ubiquitous estrogen receptors after reproductive senescence gains insight from basic science models. Observational studies and individualized patient care in clinical practice may show outcomes that are not reproduced in randomized clinical trials. The understanding gained from the timing hypothesis for atherosclerosis, the critical window theory in neurosciences, randomized controlled trials, and numerous genomic and nongenomic actions of estrogen discovered in basic science provides new explanations to clinical challenges that practitioners face. Consequences of a hypo-estrogenemic duration in women's lives are poorly understood. The Study of Women Across the Nation suggests its magnitude is greater than was previously acknowledged. We propose that the healthy user bias was the result of surgical treatment (hysterectomy with oophorectomy) for many gynecological maladies followed by pharmacological and physiological doses of estrogen to optimize patient quality of life. The past decade of research has begun to demonstrate the role of estrogen in homeostasis.Conclusions:The theory of eu-estrogenemia provides a robust framework to unify the timing hypothesis, critical window theory, randomized controlled trials, the basic science of estrogen receptors, and clinical observations of patients over the past five decades.

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“…Newer studies have shown, by analyzing multiple regression, that there is a significant influence of age as well as a daily input of calcium, on the loss of bone mass in the patients with urolithiasis. Bone mass was significantly decreased in patients with urolithiasis compared to the control group (p< 0.001) and it was more conditioned by an older age, particularly in women in menopause ( 19 ). Reference data show that clinical and epidemiological research have shown that in older patients with urolithiasis, there is an increased bone disintegration and reduced mineral bone density (MBD) ( 20 , 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Incidence of Osteoporosis in Patients with Urolithiasis

Bijelic¹,

Miličević²,

Balaban³

2014

Med Arh

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Introduction.Clinical researches have shown an increased bone disintegration and lower bone mass in patients with calcium urolithiasis.Goal.The goal of our research was to establish the incidence of osteoporosis in adult patients with calcium urolithiasis, on the basis of measuring mineral bone density, using DEXA method, with a special reflection on age subgroups.Material and methods.Clinical research was prospective and it was implemented at the University Clinical Center of Banja Luka, at the Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases and at the Urology Clinic. Material in this research consisted of patients divided in two groups, a working and a control group. One hundred and twenty (120) patients were included in both these groups, divided in three age subgroups: 20-40, 40-60 and over 60. The working group consisted of the patients with calcium urolithiasis and the control group consisted of patients without calcium urolithiasis. Establishing of mineral bone density at L2-L4 of lumbal spine vertebrae and hip was done for the patients in both these groups, using DEXA method.Results.Analysis of mineral bone density using DEXA method in patients in age groups of working and control groups, as well as in the total sample of working and control groups, have shown that the patients of the working group, over 60, had a decreased mineral bone density (30% of osteopenia and 15% osteoporosis) significantly more expressed when compared to the other two age groups (12.5% in the subgroup 20-40 and 17.5% in the subgroup 40-60), which presents a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). In the control group, when taking into account age groups, osteopenia and osteoporosis were marked in 37.5% and 2.5% in the group of patients over 60, whereas in the youngest population, 5% of osteopenia was found, which presents a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). When observing the total sample of working and control group, there was a statistically significant difference in the working and control group (p<0.01); incidence of osteoporosis in the working group amounted to 7.5% and in the control group it was 0.8%.Conclusion.Urolithiasis and osteoporosis are two multifactorial diseases which are evidently reciprocal. This is why we suggest that educating the population about the risk factors for occurrence of these diseases as well as preventive measures that may contribute to their decrease should begin as early as possible.

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Postmenopausal Hormone Use and the Risk of Nephrolithiasis

Cited by 46 publications

References 31 publications

Clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of children with nephrolithiasis

Clinical, demographic, and laboratory characteristics of children with nephrolithiasis

A theory of eu-estrogenemia: a unifying concept

Incidence of Osteoporosis in Patients with Urolithiasis

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