Postnatal Changes in the Blood Serum Content of Glycerol and Fatty Acids in Human Infants

Novák, Milan; Melichar, V.; Hahn, Peter

doi:10.1159/000239922

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In normal human neonates, enhanced lipid mobilization increases blood levels of free glycerol [20] and free fatty acids [24,37] in the first hours of life. Dynamics of lipolysis studies in vitro in adipose tissue from neonates show that lipolysis increases rapidly from the moment of birth, reaches its maximum within a few hours, and then gradually decreases [22,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may be documented by a rapid rate of increase of free glycerol [20] and free fatty acids (FFA) in the blood [24,37] and by changes in glycerol release from subcutaneous adipose tissue in vitro [22,25]. Most of the glycerol formed in the period of accelerated lipolysis leaves the adipose cell while substantial amounts of fatty acids undergo immediate re-esterification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Neonates. III. Role of Fetal Glycogen in Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Esterification in the First Hours of Life

1973

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ExtractTotal glycogen phosphorylase activity in neonatal adipose tissue is significantly increased immediately after birth (0-6 hr) and rapidly decreases to a relatively constant level. Fluoride-stimulated adenyl cyclase activity in homogenates of adipose tissue from neonates is directly correlated with the length of time from the onset of labor {y = 0.665 + 7.88*; P < 0.02). No significant differences are found between infants 1-10 hr of age and 2-A days of age. The ATP content decreases rapidly in the first hours of life and is inversely correlated with the length of time since the onset of labor (logjy = -0.657 -0.0164*; P < 0.01). The ATP content starts to increase approximately 24 hr after birth. Changes in ATP content are directly correlated with glycogen content and glycerol release from neonatal adipose tissue. SpeculationThe intensity of lipolysis in neonatal adipose tissue depends on various factors, one of the most important being an adequate energy supply. The increased glycogen content in adipose tissue immediately after birth and the rapid rate of utilization of glycogen-derived glucose appear to be major factors involved in the production of ATP required for glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and fatty acid activation during the early adaptation of the neonate to extrauterine life. Introductionof substrate stores into utilizable form. Before the neonate is capable of covering his energy requirements by The early adaptation of the fetus to extrauterine life ingestion of sufficient milk, he is dependent on his own depends mainly on conversion of the potential energy endogenous energy sources. This time may be charac-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Neonates. III. Role of Fetal Glycogen in Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Esterification in the First Hours of Life

1973

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“…Free fatty acids formed by lipolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue are supplied as fuel to other tissues of the body. Previous findings suggest that age-related changes in the in vitro metabolism of the subcutaneous adipose tissue [13,14] parallel changes in total metabolism [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Newborns. 2. Developmental Changes in the Metabolism of 14C-(U)-D-Glucose and in Enzyme Activities of Phosphofructokinase (PFK; EC. 2.7.1.11) and β-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (HAD; EC. 1.1.1.35)

et al. 1972

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“…Previous in vitro studies suggest that lipolysis, estimated from the amount of glycerol released from intact adipose tissue fragments, reaches a maximum in the first hours of human life [22]. Increasing levels of both glycerol and FFA in the blood, in contrast to the very low levels of both these substances in cord blood, also suggest increased lipolysis [19,23,33]. There are indications of increased oxidation of fat in older neonates such as a drop in respiratory quotient [3,5] and increased blood levels of acetoacetic and /3-hydroxybutyric acids [6,17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Newborns. 1. Developmental Changes in Lipolysis and Glycogen Content

Novák

Monkus

1972

Pediatr Res

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The metabolism in vitro of subcutaneous adipose tissue from human newborns of different ages was investigated and comparisons were made with material taken from healthy adult volunteers. In the first hours of life, glycerol release (micromoles glycerol/100 ixg DNA/90 min) by suspensions of isolated adipocytes was increased (P < 0.001), but the response to the addition of norepinephrine was minimal. The release of free fatty acids (FFA) in relation to glycerol by suspensions of free adipocytes was considerably lower in neonates than in adults. Glycogen content of the adipose tissue between 0 and 4 hr of age was significantly greater than in older neonates and adults (P < 0.01). In infants less than 4 hr of age, glycogen content of the adipose tissue was inversely correlated with the length of labor (P < 0.05). Elevated reesterification of FFA seems to be related to the higher glycogen content and breakdown in subcutaneous adipose tissue immediately after birth. SpeculationThese investigations of the subcutaneous adipose tissue from human neonates show that the two basic energy substrates (carbohydrates and lipids) are closely and reciprocally related in the first hours and days of life. The findings are compatible with a transition from predominantly carbohydrate catabolism in the first hours of life to preferential utilization lipids in older neonates. Age-dependent changes in the in vitro metabolism of the adipose tissue parallel the relative importance of carbohydrates and lipids as substrates and energy sources in the total metabolism of the newborn infant. Thus, the subcutaneous adipose tissue may serve as an easily obtainable model for the study of the metabolic adaptation of the human newborn infant to extrauterine life. Introductiontrients from the mother. He must now supply not only The metabolic situation of the human newborn his basal metabolic requirements but also must find changes abruptly when the interruption of the fetoplaadditional energy sources for respiration, digestion, cental circulation cuts off the constant supply of nuand the maintenance of body temperature, and he is

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Postnatal Changes in the Blood Serum Content of Glycerol and Fatty Acids in Human Infants

Cited by 44 publications

References 3 publications

The Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Neonates. III. Role of Fetal Glycogen in Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Esterification in the First Hours of Life

The Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Neonates. III. Role of Fetal Glycogen in Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Esterification in the First Hours of Life

The Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Newborns. 2. Developmental Changes in the Metabolism of 14C-(U)-D-Glucose and in Enzyme Activities of Phosphofructokinase (PFK; EC. 2.7.1.11) and β-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (HAD; EC. 1.1.1.35)

Metabolism of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in the Immediate Postnatal Period of Human Newborns. 1. Developmental Changes in Lipolysis and Glycogen Content

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