AbstractAkkermansia muciniphila, a human intestinal microbe, is a potential next-generation probiotic. Therefore, studying the in vitro cultivation of A. muciniphila is important. In this study, the brain heart extract (BHI) broth and porcine- (PM), human- (HM), BHI-added porcine- (BPM), and BHI-added human-derived (BHM) mucin media were used to ferment A. muciniphila in vitro. Results showed that HM had the highest biomass of A. muciniphila (2.89 g/L). The main metabolites of HM and PM were acetic and butyric acids, and the main metabolites of BHI medium, BPM, and BHM were acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, and valeric acids. The butyric acid concentrations of BPM and BHM reached 9.88 and 12.88 mM, respectively. A. muciniphila had the highest outer membrane protein concentration in PM and HM, reaching 24.36 and 26.26 μg/mg, respectively. Electron microscopy showed that the outer membrane thickness of A. muciniphila was positively correlated with the outer membrane protein concentration. The appearance of A. muciniphila was round or elliptical in five kinds of culture media. In the BHI medium, A. muciniphila had the smallest diameter and length of 871 nm. This study provides a theoretical basis for the regulation of host metabolism of A. muciniphila.ImportanceThis article explains the growth, metabolism and appearance of Akkermansia muciniphila previously described as strictly anaerobic bacteria in different nutrient media. Interestingly, the nutritional composition has a presumptive relationship with A. muciniphila biomass, outer membrane protein concentration and thickness, and diameter. At conditions containing mucin as sole carbon and nitrogen sources, the metabolites of A. muciniphila are acetic and butyric acids. This study provides a certain reference for the mechanism of action of A. muciniphila in the host.