Postnatal somatic cell proliferation and seminiferous tubule maturation in pigs: A non-random event

Avelar, Gleide Fernandes de; Oliveira, Carolina Felipe Alves de; Soares, José Francisco; Silva, Israel J.; Dobrinski, Ina; Hess, Rex A.; França, Luiz R.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.12.014

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The structure of sustentacular cells also suggests this. In IMCA samples, sustencacular cells had round and elongated nuclei, a pattern which is characteristic for pre-pubertal ages (Avelar et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…At least fi ve measurements were made for each parameter in one microscopic fi eld ***P < 0.001; *P < 0.05; Scheff é's method doi: 10.17221/121/2017-VETMED Improvac immunocastration, at 10 and 14 weeks, and the paired testes weights reported were 74 g and 109 g. In our study, we used early immunocastration at eight and 14 weeks and the paired testes weight was approximately 35 g. It is evident that early vaccination dramatically reduces testicular maturation. Improvac was administered at eight weeks, when testicles start to undergo significant differentiation and growth (Avelar et al 2010). When the second dose of Improvac is administered as late as 20 weeks, paired testes weight can exceed 250 g (Wicks et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inasmuch as the nuclei of interstitial endocrine cells in pigs are spherical, the nuclear volume of interstitial endocrine cells was calculated from the mean nuclear diameter, following Avelar et al (2010). One to five measurements were made for seminiferous tubule parameters and more than five measurements were made for interstitial endocrine cell parameters in one microscopic field.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of early immunocastration on testicular histology in pigs

Sládek¹,

Prudikova²,

Knoll³

et al. 2018

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to investigate short-and long-term effects of early immunocastration with Improvac ® vaccine, administered in two doses, at ages eight and 14 weeks, on testicular histology in pigs slaughtered eight or 15 weeks after the second dose. We hypothesised that the effectiveness of early vaccination could be diminished by late application of the booster dose and/or delayed time of slaughter. Thirty non-castrated male pigs of a commercial hybrid breed were used in this study. Pigs (n = 15) in the control group (NOCA) remained intact throughout the study. Pigs (n = 15) in the experimental group (IMCA) were administered Improvac in two doses: a priming dose at eight weeks and a booster dose at 14 weeks. Subsequently, nine of the IMCA pigs were slaughtered at eight weeks and the remaining six at 15 weeks after the second dose. In NOCA pigs, we observed normal spermatogenesis in the tubuli seminiferi and many prominent interstitial endocrine (Leydig) cells. In IMCA 8 pigs, there was a noticeable decrease in the diameter and area of seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis was absent. Interstitial endocrine cells appeared atrophied with pyknotic nuclei. In IMCA 15 pigs, we observed a larger diameter of tubuli, thickened germinal epithelium and larger and more numerous interstitial endocrine cells when compared to IMCA 8 . In conclusion, these results demonstrate that early immunocastration with Improvac disrupts spermatogenesis and reduces the number and size of interstitial endocrine cells. This indicates that vaccination at an age of eight weeks and again at 14 weeks in pigs causes disruption of testicular histology and spermatogenesis at least through the subsequent 15 weeks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of early immunocastration on testicular histology in pigs

Sládek¹,

Prudikova²,

Knoll³

et al. 2018

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…All cords and tubules present along the longitudinal and transverse axes of each section were scored for the most advanced type of germ cell present (51 – 518 tubules / xenograft, average = 208.6 tubules/xenograft). Also, these H&E-stained sections were used for morphometrical evaluations as described previously (Avelar et al, 2010; Rodriguez-Sosa et al, 2012). Briefly, the volume densities of the testis components in xenografts were determined by light microscopy using a 441-intersection grid placed in the ocular of the microscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phthalate esters affect maturation and function of primate testis tissue ectopically grafted in mice

Rodriguez‐Sosa

Bondareva

Tang

et al. 2014

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Di-n-Butyl (DBP) and Di-(2-EthylHexyl) (DEHP) phthalates can leach from daily-use products resulting in environmental exposure. In male rodents, phthalate exposure results in reproductive effects. To evaluate effects on the immature primate testis, testis fragments from 6-month-old rhesus macaques were grafted subcutaneously to immune-deficient mice, which were exposed to 0, 10, or 500 mg/kg of DBP or DEHP for 14 weeks or 28 weeks (DBP only). DBP exposure reduced the expression of key steroidogenic genes, indicating that Leydig cell function was compromised. Exposure to 500 mg/kg impaired tubule formation and germ cell differentiation and reduced numbers of spermatogonia. Exposure to 10 mg/kg did not affect development, but reduced Sertoli cell number and resulted in increased expression of inhibin B. Exposure to DEHP for 14 week also affected steroidogenic genes expression. Therefore, long-term exposure to phthalate esters affected development and function of the primate testis in a time and dosage dependent manner.

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“…Early stages of germ cells and interstitial cells develop from week 13 to week 16 (Franca et al, 2000). Maturation of testis cells is supported by complex interactions between the seminiferous tubules, Sertoli cells, germ cells, Leydig cells and their receptors (Avelar et al, 2010). After the establishment of adequate populations of interstitial Sertoli and Leydig cells, a marked increase in steroid secretion can be expected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression during testis development in Duroc boars

Lervik

Kristoffersen

Conley

et al. 2015

Animal

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Androstenone is a steroid pheromone occurring in the pubertal Leydig cells. Breeding against androstenone can decrease pheromone odour in swine meat but appears to cause unwanted side effects such as delayed onset of puberty. To study causality, global gene expression in developing boar testes at 12, 16, 20 and 27 weeks was investigated using a porcine cDNA microarray. The morphological status and androgenic levels of the same individuals have been described in a previous publication. In the present paper, expression of genes and pathways has been analysed with reference to these findings. Nine clusters of genes with significant differential expression over time and 49 functional charts were found in the analysed testis samples. Prominent pathways in the prepubertal testis were associated with tissue renewal, cell respiration and increased endocytocis. E-cadherines may be associated with the onset of pubertal development. With elevated steroidogenesis (weeks 16 to 27), there was an increase in the expression of genes in the MAPK pathway, STAR and its analogue STARD6. A pubertal shift in genes coding for cellular cholesterol transport was observed. Increased expression of meiotic pathways coincided with the morphological onset of puberty. Puberty-related change in Ca (2+) pathway transcripts, neurosteroids, neuronal changes and signalling in redox pathways suggested a developmental-specific period of neuromorphogenesis. Several growth factors were found to increase differentially over time as the testis matured. There may be interactions between MAPK, STAR and growth factors during specific periods. In conclusion, pathways for neurogenesis, morphological pathways and several transcripts for growth factors, which have known modulating effects on steroidogenesis and gonadotropins in humans and rodents, act at specific ages and developmental stages in the boar testis. The age dependency and complexity shown for development-specific testis transcripts must be considered when selecting phenotypic parameters for genetic selection for low androstenone. The results of selection based on measurement of phenotypic maturation and androstenone (or other steroid) levels at one specific age may differ depending on the age used. More research is necessary to find the optimal phenotype to use in order to reduce the unwanted side effects.

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Postnatal somatic cell proliferation and seminiferous tubule maturation in pigs: A non-random event

Cited by 35 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of early immunocastration on testicular histology in pigs

Effect of early immunocastration on testicular histology in pigs

Phthalate esters affect maturation and function of primate testis tissue ectopically grafted in mice

Gene expression during testis development in Duroc boars

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