Postoperative Depression of Tumour-directed Cell-mediated Immunity in Patients with Malignant Disease

Aj, Cochran; Spilg, W. G. S.; MacKie, Rona M.; Thomas, Catherine E.

doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5832.67

Cited by 164 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A short period of immune depression has been shown to occur after major surgery (Cochran et al, 1972) and radiotherapy also has come under close scrutiny for the same reason (Bond, 1967). Although the surgical effect was transitory (6-22 days) and the effect of radiotherapy localized, they may be sufficient to allow already transformed cells to escape from control and proceed to express their malignant potential.…”

Section: Interval Between Diagnosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have been described variously as tumours diagnosed (i) during admission for the first primary or (ii) within varying intervals from the first primary, namely, 1, 6 or 12 months. For statistical purposes they have been: (i) included in the analysis (Robbins & Berg, 1974); (ii) included on an arbitrary basis (Berg, 1967); (iii) assessed separately and excluded from the final comparisons between observed and expected numbers (Schottenfeld & Berg, 1971;Veronesi et al, 1974); (iv) eliminated automatically with all other cases diagnosed within 5 years of the first primary (Greenberg, 1963;Schoenberg et al, 1969); and (v) deliberately excluded (Schoenberg & Christine, 1974) on the grounds that it was impossible to calculate an expected number for this group. These differing approaches to coincidental tumours, in addition to invalidating comparisons between surveys, suggest that there is some debate concerning the validity of their inclusion in an analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The incidence of bilateral breast cancer: ii. A proposed model for the analysis of coincidental tumours

Prior¹,

Waterhouse²

1981

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-A statistical model has been proposed in an attempt to integrate coincidental (or Analysis in terms of the model showed a 296-fold increase in risk for a second primary tumour in the contralateral breast in a series of nearly 22,000 breast -cancer patients. The corresponding risks for 3 main age-ranges (at the time of diagnosis of the first primary) were 5-3 (ages 15-44), 3-3 (45-59) and 1-5 (60 +). In addition, a maximal risk of 5-0-fold was observed in the series as a whole during the third year after the diagnosis of the first primary.

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Section: Interval Between Diagnosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The incidence of bilateral breast cancer: ii. A proposed model for the analysis of coincidental tumours

Prior¹,

Waterhouse²

1981

Br J Cancer

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“…TUMOUR growth is enhanced by operation (Buinauskas et al, 1965) possibly due in part to depression of both the macrophage system (Saba and Antikatzides, 1976) and T-lymphocyte function (Cochran et al, 1972;Vose and Moudgil, 1975).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of amputation and Corynebacterium parvum on tumour metastases in mice

Mosley¹,

Sadler²,

Castro³

1978

Br J Cancer

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Summary. The effects of operation (lower-limb amputation) on the growth of the Lewis lung tumour and its metastases were studied. The role of C. parvum in counteracting these effects was investigated.Anaesthesia alone or with amputation did not affect primary tumour growth. C. parvum depressed this growth.Anaesthesia did not affect the number of pulmonary metastases, but amputation caused a significant increase. C. parvum inhibited metastases and completely counteracted the effects of operation on them. Large doses of cortisone acetate significantly increased metastases but small doses had no effect. Experiments with adrenalectomized mice suggested the effects of operation were due to non-specific stress.

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“…The leucocyte migration test of S0berg and Bendixen (1967) has proved the most useful in vitro technique for the demonstration of tumour-specific antigens in breast carcinoma (Andersen et al, 1970;Segall et al, 1972;Cochran et al, 1972Cochran et al, , 1973 (Wolf, 1969) to give a sediment of cell ghosts (membranes). The protein concentration of these preparations was adjusted to 2 mg/ml and antigens were stored frozen in small aliquots until needed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of the patients have become positive after giving an initially negative result. (1970); 8/13 (62%), Segall et al (1972) and 6/8 (75%o), Cochran et al (1972).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%