Postprandial metabolomics: A pilot mass spectrometry and NMR study of the human plasma metabolome in response to a challenge meal

Commentary: Metabolomics-Based Studies Assessing Exercise-Induced Alterations of the Human Metabolome: A Systematic Review

“…For instance, for longitudinal studies with parallel randomized control groups with samples obtained only at rest, two timepoints of data collection (pre-and post-intervention) are sufficient to assess exercise-induced alterations in the basal human metabolome (Huffman et al, 2014;Glynn et al, 2015;Duft et al, 2017;Brennan et al, 2018). For cross-over studies (acute response), we suggest that a control session (no exercise) be included in the experimental design for a clearer interpretation of the effects of exercise compared to those of prolonged fasting (Shrestha et al, 2015;Karimpour et al, 2016;Li-Gao et al, 2019). The inclusion of any additional data collection timepoints after exercise sessions would depend on the research goals.…”

“…For example, if the objective of the study includes the investigation of metabolites with polar characteristics, NMR may be a sound choice, whereas if the compounds of interest are hydrophobic or are in low concentrations, GC-MS would be a better alternative. The study carried out by Karimpour et al (2016) has shown an interesting approach to comparing these three platforms in the identification of compounds in human plasma (Karimpour et al, 2016).…”

“…• Standardization of participant's preparation prior to collection of biological samples at rest and pre-exercise, since postprandial time, diet composition, and time after the previous training session are likely to affect the metabolome (Daskalaki et al, 2015;Shrestha et al, 2015;Karimpour et al, 2016;Giskeødegård et al, 2019). In this sense, we suggest the collection of biological samples at rest after 10-12 h overnight fasting or 90-120 min after a standardized meal previous to an exercise session, which is expected to present reasonable stabilization of postprandial metabolism (Shrestha et al, 2015;Karimpour et al, 2016;Giskeødegård et al, 2019;Li-Gao et al, 2019).…”

Targeted metabolomics reveals differences in the extended postprandial plasma metabolome of healthy subjects after intake of whole‐grain rye porridges versus refined wheat bread

“…In particular, postprandial metabolic profiles are closely linked with physiological responses to a dietary perturbation, e.g. blood glucose and insulin level, hormones levels, thereby facilitating to understand the interacting and regulatory roles of nutrition in human health . However, evidence linking postprandial metabolic changes with beneficial properties of WG rye is scarce.…”

High-Throughput Indirect Quantitation of 13C Enriched Metabolites Using 1H NMR

“…A few major drawbacks of MS are the long time necessary for analysis, the destructive nature of the analysis and the need for standard curves for each metabolite to be quantitative. 5 Moreover, small molecule metabolites of interest can be difficult to resolve since they can ionize similarly and have comparable elution times (e.g., lactate and pyruvate), requiring specialized methods for their detection. In contrast, NMR does not require an initial chromatographic step but can acquire data from the sample intact, which can be used at later time for additional analyses.…”