Postprandial patterns of canine jejunal motility and transit of luminal content

Schemann, Michael; Ehrlein, H. J.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(86)90878-4

Cited by 149 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition, absorption studies in the fed state differ greatly from fasting studies, probably caused by hormonal rather than motility factors (2). Most importantly, small intestinal transit studies cannot be compared with manometric studies as such, because transit appears to be determined by the length of propagated pressure waves, rather than by the number of pressure waves per se (22).…”

Section: -Omg Absorption and Cisapridementioning

confidence: 99%

Small Bowel Motility Affects Glucose Absorption in a Healthy Man

et al. 2002

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OBJECTIVE -To investigate the relationship between duodenojejunal motor activity and glucose absorption and to evaluate the effect of modification of duodenojejunal motility on glucose absorption by using the prokinetic drug cisapride.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We examined seven healthy males, mean age 22 years, who were treated with cisapride 10 mg t.i.d. and placebo during 3 days in a randomized order, with a 2-week time interval. Duodenojejunal manometry was performed after each treatment on the morning of day 3, using an 18-lumen catheter. A liquid nutrient (3 kcal/min) was administered intraduodenally for 30 min, followed by a bolus of the glucose analog 3-Omethylglucose (3-OMG). Plasma 3-OMG concentrations were measured to assess absorption kinetics.RESULTS -The area under the 3-OMG concentration curve in the first 30 min after infusion was related to the number of antegrade propagated pressure waves (r ϭ 0.49, P Ͻ 0.05), but not to the peak concentration, time to peak, and absorption fraction. The mean amplitude of pressure waves was higher during cisapride than placebo (P Ͻ 0.05), but the reoccurrence of interdigestive motility, numbers of pressure waves, and propagated pressure waves, as well as 3-OMG absorption characteristics, were not significantly different between the two treatments. During both treatments Ͼ60% of antegrade propagated pressure waves were propagated over a very short distance (1.5 cm).CONCLUSIONS -Glucose absorption in the human small intestine is related to shorttraveling propagated intestinal contractile activity. Cisapride increases the amplitude of pressure waves, but does not affect the organization of pressure waves or the absorption of 3-OMG. Diabetes Care 25:1857-1861, 2002D igestion and absorption of nutrients are the primary functions of the small bowel. Small intestinal motor activity serves to facilitate exposure of luminal contents to the mucosal surface. Studies demonstrating the interactions between intestinal motility and nutrient absorption are few and have yielded conflicting results (1-5). This may be due to the fact that the interaction is complex and dependent on the organization of motor activity (i.e., propagated or nonpropagated) and is also affected by neuroendocrine factors.Recent studies have provided insights into the relationships between gastrointestinal motor function and glucose absorption, showing that variation in the rate of gastric emptying accounts for ϳ35% of the variance in peak blood glucose concentrations after ingestion of glucose, and that increased small intestinalpropagated activity results in the blunting of the postprandial glycemic peak (6).In the present study we used the prokinetic drug cisapride as a tool to modify small intestinal transit. Transit studies have shown the propulsive properties of cisapride in the small intestine (7,8) and its effects on fasting and postprandial gastrointestinal motility have been well established (9 -13).Several reports have shown that the spatiotemporal organization of pressure waves (i.e., propag...

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Section: -Omg Absorption and Cisapridementioning

confidence: 99%

Small Bowel Motility Affects Glucose Absorption in a Healthy Man

et al. 2002

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“…For example, nonnutritive meals produce predominantly propulsive contractile activity (propagating contractions, which propel content along the intestine) in the duodenum and jejunum of conscious dogs in vivo, while nutritive meals lead to an increase in the proportion of nonpropagating (stationary) contractions and contractions that propagate only a short distance (36). This suggests that propulsion is predominantly triggered by mechanical stimuli arising from an inert meal, that is, distension of the intestinal wall and mechanical distortion of the mucosa, while segmentation results from chemical stimuli probably acting at the level of the mucosa.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Segmentation occurs in the absence of distension or mechanical distortion of the mucosa that would result from movement of a chemically inert viscous meal (36). This nutrient-induced motility depends on activation of the enteric neural circuitry and appears to be independent of the intrinsic intestinal pacemakers (23) that may regulate segmenting activity in the mouse small intestine (42).…”

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confidence: 99%

Serotonin and cholecystokinin mediate nutrient-induced segmentation in guinea pig small intestine

Ellis

Chambers

Gwynne

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Ellis M, Chambers JD, Gwynne RM, Bornstein JC. Serotonin and cholecystokinin mediate nutrient-induced segmentation in guinea pig small intestine. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 304: G749 -G761, 2013. First published February 7, 2013 doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00358.2012.-Segmentation is an important process in nutrient mixing and absorption; however, the mechanisms underlying this motility pattern are poorly understood. Segmentation can be induced by luminal perfusion of fatty acid in guinea pig small intestine in vitro and mimicked by the serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (300 nM) and by cholecystokinin (CCK). Serotonergic and CCK-related mechanisms underlying nutrient-induced segmentation were investigated using selective 5-HT and CCK receptor antagonists on isolated segments of small intestine luminally perfused with 1 mM decanoic acid. Motility patterns were analyzed using video imaging and spatiotemporal maps. Segmenting activity mediated by decanoic acid was depressed following luminal application of the 5-HT receptor antagonists granisetron (5-HT3, 1 M) and SB-207266 (5-HT 4, 10 nM) and the CCK receptor antagonists devazepide (CCK-1, 300 nM) and L-365260 (CCK-2, 300 nM), but these antagonists did not further depress segmentation when combined. The P2 receptor antagonist pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2=,4=-disulfonate (10 M) had no effect on activity. Serosal application of 5-HT antagonists had little effect on segmentation in the duodenum but reduced activity in the jejunum when granisetron and SB-207266 were applied together. These results reveal that 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors, as well as CCK-1 and CCK-2 receptors, are critical in regulating decanoic acid-induced segmentation. Computational simulation indicated that these data are consistent with decanoic acid activating two pathways in the mucosa that converge within the enteric neural circuitry, while contraction-induced release of 5-HT from the mucosa provides feedback into the neural circuit to set the time course of the overall contractile activity. intestinal motility; decanoic acid; segmentation; serotonin; 5-HT3 receptors; 5-HT4 receptors; CCK-1 receptors; CCK-2 receptors DIGESTION AND MIXING of intestinal contents are accomplished through a complex, yet poorly understood, pattern of motility, called segmentation (11). Segmentation is a major feature of the small intestine in the "fed state" after a meal and comprises rhythmic local constrictions in the intestinal smooth muscle that are stationary or propagate only a short distance and occur as isolated bursts of motor activity. Despite its importance, the mechanisms controlling segmentation are yet to be determined.Fed-state motor activity consists of a mixture of propulsive and segmenting contractions, with the predominant type of contraction being determined, in part, by the nutrient composition of the meal. For example, nonnutritive meals produce predominantly propulsive contractile activity (propagating contractions, which propel content along the intestine) in the duodenum a...

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“…Postprandially, the MMC is disrupted by a pattern of irregular contractions that mixes the ingesta with digestive juices and facilitates the exposure of luminal contents to the bowel wall (18) (28). Small intestinal transit, which is slowed postprandially (35), is related to the length of pressure waves (31), indicating that the organization of contractions is an important determinant of luminal flow. More recently, Rayner et al (23) have reported that small intestinal glucose absorption may depend on duodenal motor activity in diabetics (23).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stimulation of small intestinal burst activity in the postprandial state differentially affects lipid and glucose absorption in healthy adult humans

Bryant

Fraser²,

Vozzo³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Small intestinal motor activity is important for the optimal digestion and absorption of nutrients. These motor responses to feeding are frequently abnormal during critical illness, with the persistence of migrating bursts of contractions during enteral feeding. Whether this disturbance influences nutrient absorption is not known. In this study, the effects of small intestinal burst activity on lipid and glucose absorption were evaluated in 10 healthy human adults (6 males, 4 females, 19–47 yr). Upper gastrointestinal manometry was recorded for 6 h during and shortly after a 20-min intravenous infusion of either erythromycin (1 mg/kg), to stimulate burst activity, or saline (0.9%) in a double-blind randomized fashion. Simultaneously with the start of the intravenous infusion, 60 ml liquid feed mixed with 200 μl 13C-triolein and 2 g 3- O-methylglucose (3-OMG) was infused intraduodenally for 30 min. Absorption of lipid and glucose was assessed using the [13C]triolein breath test and plasma concentrations of 3-OMG, respectively. Infusion of erythromycin was followed by a more rapid onset of burst activity following commencement of the duodenal infusion compared with saline (30 ± 6.1 vs. 58 ± 10.7 min; P < 0.05). Erythromycin was associated with a slower recovery of 13CO2 ( P < 0.01). A positive correlation existed between the time to onset of burst activity and 13CO2 recovery ( P < 0.001). Erythromycin had no effect on 3-OMG absorption. In conclusion, stimulation of small intestinal burst activity reduces the rate of lipid absorption but not glucose absorption in healthy human adults.

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Postprandial patterns of canine jejunal motility and transit of luminal content

Cited by 149 publications

References 24 publications

Small Bowel Motility Affects Glucose Absorption in a Healthy Man

Small Bowel Motility Affects Glucose Absorption in a Healthy Man

Serotonin and cholecystokinin mediate nutrient-induced segmentation in guinea pig small intestine

Stimulation of small intestinal burst activity in the postprandial state differentially affects lipid and glucose absorption in healthy adult humans

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