Posttraumatic Endophthalmitis in children: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis

Bansal, Pooja; Venkatesh, Pradeep; Sharma, Yograj

doi:10.1080/08820538.2016.1238095

Cited by 15 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Among patients with streptococcal endophthalmitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae , viridans group streptococcus and group B β-haemolytic streptococcus were the main isolates, although the dominant isolates varied in different studies [ 8 – 11 ]. Previous studies have focused on paediatric post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by all pathogens [ 12 – 14 ]. They found that the streptococcus species was a common cause of post-traumatic endophthalmitis in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by streptococcus species in preschool children: clinical features, antibiotic susceptibilities and outcomes

Yang

Sui

Duan

et al. 2021

Eye

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Background/Objectives Streptococcus is a common cause of post-traumatic endophthalmitis in children. This study aimed to analyse the clinical features, antibiotic susceptibilities and outcomes of traumatic endophthalmitis caused by streptococcus in preschool children. Subjects/Methods Patients aged ≤6 years with traumatic streptococcal endophthalmitis seen at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 2013 and December 2018 were included in this retrospective study. Results In total, 21 patients (21 eyes) were included. The mean age of the patients was 3.3 ± 1.7 years, where 57.1% were males. Scissors (28.6%, n = 6) were the most common cause of injury; 86.7% of patients were injured at home. Zone I (80.9%) was the most common wound site; 90.5% of patients presented with a traumatic cataract. In general, Streptococcus pneumoniae (47.6%) was the most common isolate. Viridans group streptococci accounted for 58.3% of cases in children aged 0–3 years, while S. pneumoniae accounted for 66.7% of cases in children aged 4–6 years. The susceptibility rates of streptococcus to cefuroxime, levofloxacin and ofloxacin were 100%, 95.0% and 90.5%, respectively. Although all the patients underwent vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade, the final visual outcomes were no better than counting fingers. Conclusions Although S. pneumoniae was the most prevalent organism in general, the dominant species varied between different age groups. The commonly used antibiotics, cefuroxime and fluoroquinolone, showed higher antibiotic susceptibility. Despite prompt treatment, the visual outcomes of paediatric post-traumatic endophthalmitis in preschool children were poor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by streptococcus species in preschool children: clinical features, antibiotic susceptibilities and outcomes

Yang

Sui

Duan

et al. 2021

Eye

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“…Post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) is considered as one of the most serious complications after OGIs, and the incidence of this disease varies from 3.6%–54.16% in different studies [6,7]. Although advanced antibiotics and treatment techniques currently exist, children diagnosed with PTE were generally reported to have a poor outcome [8]. Some risk factors were reported to be associated with the development of PTE, such as the delayed timing of primary repair, a large wound size, a retained intraocular foreign body, the location of the wound, a rural location, the female gender, and an age greater than 50 years old [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Primary Treatment on Post-Traumatic Endophthalmitis in Children with Open Globe Injuries: A Study in China

Zheng

Tan

Liu

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) is considered as one of the most serious complications after open globe injuries (OGIs), especially in children. Poor prognosis of this disease can lead to a variety of socioeconomic problems. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric OGIs and the factors associated with the development of PTE in China. 131 patients under 14 years old and needed hospitalization for management of OGIs were enrolled. There were 90 males and 41 females. 44 patients were left-behind children, the majority were 3–6 years old (n = 71, 71/131, 54.2%) and living in rural area (n = 106, 106/131, 80.9%). After injury, 82 patients received primary repair within 24 h, with the remaining 49 patients receiving primary repair after 24 h. Eventually, there were 28 (28/131, 21.4%) patients presented with PTE. In those 49 patients, the frequency of PTE achieving 32.7% (16/49). Univariate analysis showed that the timing of primary repair is significantly associated with the development of PTE (p < 0.05). Moreover, left-behind children took higher risks in having delayed treatment that over 24 h after OGIs (OR = 2.466, 95% CI: 1.16–5.26). Reducing the time before primary repair is a useful strategy to prevent the development of PTE. Special supervision is needed for pre-school-aged boys living in rural areas, especially for left-behind children.

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“…Trauma is the most common cause of endophthalmitis in children with incidence reported between 2% and 70%[ 1 2 ] most commonly due to Streptococci and Staphyloccal species. [ 3 4 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardia endophthalmitis in a child

Tiple

Das

Gandhi

et al. 2020

Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology

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Nocardia is a rare cause of endophthalmitis in immunocompetent individuals with poor visual outcomes. We, herein report a 15 month otherwise healthy child, who presented with hyphema, vitreous hemorrhage and secondary glaucoma following a vague history of trauma in the left eye 2 months before presentation. He presented a week later with features of panophthalmitis which were confirmed on B-scan and orbital CT scan. CT scan with contrast revealed the presence of multiple ring enhancing abscesses in the vitreous cavity and also in the intraconal space. Evisceration was done and smear and cultures revealed Nocardia . Rare presentation in a healthy pediatric patient and typical CT scan findings are discussed.

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Posttraumatic Endophthalmitis in children: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 70 publications

Post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by streptococcus species in preschool children: clinical features, antibiotic susceptibilities and outcomes

Post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by streptococcus species in preschool children: clinical features, antibiotic susceptibilities and outcomes

The Impact of Primary Treatment on Post-Traumatic Endophthalmitis in Children with Open Globe Injuries: A Study in China

Nocardia endophthalmitis in a child

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