Posttreatment Victimization and Violence Among Adolescents Following Residential Drug Treatment

Hawke, Josephine; Jainchill, Nancy; Leon, George De

doi:10.1177/1077559502239609

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In this study, the percentage of girls exposed to physical violence is slightly higher than that seen among boys, although this difference is not statistically significant. This result deviates from other studies, in which boys have been found to have experienced a higher rate of physical abuse as compared with girls (13,32,33).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Experiences of victimization among adolescents with Substance Abuse Disorders in Sweden

Anderberg¹,

Dahlberg²

2016

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

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Background: Adolescents who initiate treatment for substance abuse often have a history of victimization in the form of physical, psychological, or sexual abuse. These experiences can have serious adverse consequences that may affect their lives and social functioning. Objective: This article describes and analyzes victimization among adolescents who are in outpatient treatment for substance abuse disorders with respect to gender, social circumstances, alcohol and drug abuse, and mental health. Method: This cross-sectional study is based on structured interviews with 748 adolescents from seven outpatient clinics in Sweden. Chi-squared tests were performed to examine significant differences between gender and victimization (or lack of victimization). The study also included a quantitative content analysis of interview utterances. Results: The analysis showed that more than half of the adolescents had experienced violence or another type of abuse. There are also significant gender differences: two thirds of the girls and slightly less than half the boys had experienced abuse in some form, and the girls had more severe needs at treatment admission. Conclusion: This study established that experiences of victimization and exposure to violence are widespread among adolescents with substance abuse disorders in Sweden. This is an important issue that requires attention and action, with preventive and therapeutic interventions needed to provide support for both substance abuse disorders and psychiatric symptoms.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have shown that girls have more often experienced sexual abuse, whereas it is more common for boys to have experienced physical violence (13,32,33). Girls in both inpatient and outpatient care generally report more extensive drug use as compared with boys (30).…”

Section: Victimization Among Adolescents In Treatment For Substance Amentioning

confidence: 95%

Experiences of victimization among adolescents with Substance Abuse Disorders in Sweden

Anderberg¹,

Dahlberg²

2016

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

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“…Most of the people in the study reported being first victimized either in their teenage years or in their early 20's. This is in accordance with the literature in regard to younger people being more prone to being victimized in certain kinds of ways (e.g., violent crimes, drug-related crimes) than older people (Hawke et al, 2003;Wood et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Crime in Greater Los Angeles: Experiences and Perceptions of Local Urban Residents

Berger¹

2018

CUS

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The area making up greater Los Angeles is the most populated region in the United States. With over 10 million residents in this largely urban county, we can only expect there to be some ongoing problems with crime and victimization. The current study collected self-reported data from local resident in regard to their personal experiences with crime and victimization. Relevant demographic information was collected to help with our understanding of which types of social groups may be more prone to being targeted for certain types of criminal acts. Information was also gathered to help better understand how Los Angeles area residents felt about crime in the region and how they felt about their own personal safety. Women were found to be more likely to know the perpetrators of crimes against them than the men. Middle Eastern and Black residents generally felt the most unsafe, while Asian residents felt the safest overall. Most of the respondents stated that they have been the target of one or more criminal acts since they have lived in the Los Angeles area, with the most common single type of crime being robbery. Additional findings add further to our knowledge about this important social problem spanning across this major urban territory.

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“…Given the link between substance use and victimization, it is not surprising that rates of victimization are higher among adolescents in substance abuse treatment than those in the general population (Grella & Joshi 2003;Hawke, Jainchill & De Leon 2003;Titus et al 2003). Accounting for victimization among adolescents in substance abuse treatment is important for numerous reasons.…”

Section: Victimization and Substance Abuse Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, early victimization among girls strongly influences the likelihood of delinquency, adult criminality, and violent criminal behavior, as well as entry into the juvenile justice system (Osofsky 2001). Victimization among adolescent males has been associated with increased involvement in violent lifestyles (Hawke, Jainchill & De Leon 2003).…”

Section: Associations With Victimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Victimization Among African-American Adolescents in Substance Abuse Treatment

Perron

Gotham

Cho

2008

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

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Victimization is regarded as a significant public health issue, especially among adolescents in urban areas. Although victimization is linked to substance use, the research on victimization among adolescents in treatment is underdeveloped. Given the high rate of victimization among African-American adolescents, further research on the prevalence and correlates of victimization for this population is needed. This knowledge can guide the development of effective treatment and prevention strategies. This study contributed to the research by examining the rate and different types of victimization among a sample of African-American adolescents in an urban substance abuse treatment program, testing whether victimization is associated with increased levels of psychopathology and high-risk behaviors; and comparing the rates and associations with existing studies of adolescent victimization. It reports on a sample of 259 African-American adolescents receiving substance abuse treatment in an inner-city program. Fifty-four percent of the subjects reported lifetime victimization. Severity of victimization was associated with depression, generalized anxiety disorder, traumatic stress disorder, and conduct disorder, although the effect sizes were relatively small. Lifetime victimization exhibited a relationship of small to moderate strength with high-risk behaviors (i.e., illegal activity, gang membership, multiple sex partners and unprotected sex). Service implications and recommendations for future research are provided. Keywords adolescent substance abuse treatment; adolescent victimization; adolescent violenceVictimization is the experience of direct or threatened harm, including physical violence, sexual violence, psychological or emotional abuse, and neglect (CDC 2007). Victimization among adolescents is a recognized public health concern, which motivated an in-depth report by the Office of the US Surgeon General (US DHHS 1999 The rate of victimization among African-American adolescents can be explained, in part, by their broader social and environmental conditions. Approximately one-third of AfricanAmerican adolescents live in economically depressed and socially marginalized neighborhoods, resulting in regular exposure to high rates of violence (Paxton et al. 2004). These are key factors that contribute to violence perpetration and victimization (McCart et al. 2005;Howard et al. 2002). Such conditions also give rise to using violence as a response to the ongoing pressures and threat of violence (Feigelman et al. 2000), which further complicates the problem of responding to and preventing victimization. ASSOCIATIONS WITH VICTIMIZATIONThe significance of victimization as a public health issue is further supported by its consistent relationships with various psychological and psychosocial problems. It is widely established that victimization can be a traumatic life event, challenging an individual's resources and negatively impacting developmental processes (Kaukinen 2002). A large body of research shows that vict...

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Posttreatment Victimization and Violence Among Adolescents Following Residential Drug Treatment

Cited by 22 publications

References 62 publications

Experiences of victimization among adolescents with Substance Abuse Disorders in Sweden

Experiences of victimization among adolescents with Substance Abuse Disorders in Sweden

Crime in Greater Los Angeles: Experiences and Perceptions of Local Urban Residents

Victimization Among African-American Adolescents in Substance Abuse Treatment

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