Potassium Changes with Age

Cox, J. R.; Shalaby, W.A.

doi:10.1159/000212495

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This last phenomenon could be explained by means of the following hypotheses: (1) It has been described that in the elderly, there is a reduction in both plasma aldosterone levels and a tubular resistance to this hormone. Since aldosterone is an important stimulus for the renal excretion of potassium, this could explain the lower excretion of this cation found in the elderly group [5,6]. (2) The fall in GFR secondary to aging is differentiated from the one caused by the chronic nephropathy, in that, while in the first (senile) the renal functional reserve is not commonly used [7], in chronic renal insufficiency it has been used [8], and therefore, they would exhibit their maximum excretory capacity of potassium, explaining the greater potassium renal excretion found compared to the old population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Potassium Excretion: Comparison between Chronic Renal Disease Patients and Old People

Musso

Miguel

Algranati³

et al. 2005

Int Urol Nephrol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Potassium Excretion: Comparison between Chronic Renal Disease Patients and Old People

Musso

Miguel

Algranati³

et al. 2005

Int Urol Nephrol

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“…23 Then, we adjusted the results by the length of observation time and reported the incidence. We stratified the study population by several covariates that may be associated with the prescribing cascade or the relic and calculated the aSRs in different subgroups, including age (categorized into 65-75 years, 76-85 years, and >85 years), 24 sex, 25 and daily dose of loop diuretics (converted to furosemide equivalents 26 and expressed in units of defined daily doses [DDD] 27 ) because loop diuretic-induced hypokalemia is dose-dependent. 26 Comorbidities and comedications reportedly associated with serum potassium level were also included, 28 such as congestive heart failure (CHF), 29 hypertension, 30 alcohol abuse, 31 diabetes, 32 liver disease, 33 renal failure, 34 and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB), 35 oral corticosteroids, 36 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continued potassium supplementation use following loop diuretic discontinuation in older adults: An evaluation of a prescribing cascade relic

Wang

Morris

Smith

et al. 2022

J American Geriatrics Society

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Background The use of a new medication (e.g., potassium supplementation) for managing a drug‐induced adverse event (e.g., loop diuretic‐induced hypokalemia) constitutes a prescribing cascade. However, loop diuretics are often stopped while potassium may be unnecessarily continued (i.e., relic). We aimed to quantify the occurrence of relics using older adults previously experiencing a loop diuretic‐potassium prescribing cascade as an example. Methods We conducted a prescription sequence symmetry analysis using the population‐based Medicare Fee‐For‐Service data (2011–2018) and partitioned the 150 days following potassium initiation by day to assess the daily treatment scenarios (i.e., loop diuretics alone, potassium alone, combination of loop diuretics and potassium, or neither). We calculated the proportion of patients developing the relic, proportion of person‐days under potassium alone, the daily probability of the relic, and the proportion of patients filling potassium after loop diuretic discontinuation. We also identified the risk factors of the relic. Results We identified 284,369 loop diuretic initiators who were 8 times more likely to receive potassium supplementation simultaneously or after (i.e., the prescribing cascade), rather than before, loop diuretic initiation (aSR 8.0, 95% CI 7.9–8.2). Among the 66,451 loop diuretic initiators who subsequently (≤30 days) initiated potassium, 20,445 (30.8%) patients remained on potassium after loop diuretic discontinuation, and 9365 (14.1%) patients subsequently filled another potassium supplementation. Following loop diuretic initiation, 4.0% of person‐days were for potassium alone, and daily probability of the relic was the highest after day 90 of loop diuretic initiation (5.6%). Older age, female sex, higher diuretic daily dose, and greater baseline comorbidities were risk factors for the relic, while patients having the same prescriber or pharmacy involved in the use of both medications were less likely to experience the relic. Conclusions Our findings suggest the need for clinicians to be aware of the potential of relic to avoid unnecessary drug use.

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“…Only a few authors have recently dealt with the problem of body composition in healthy subjects, particularly in healthy el derly populations [4,5,11]. This could be due to the facts that (1) it is quite difficult to find a superfit elderly group; (2) the experi mental procedures are laborious, and (3) the results are rather difficult to interpret.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition in Elderly People

et al. 1985

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The body composition of 40 healthy elderly and 20 healthy young subjects was determined and compared. It was found that the age-related changes were more marked in females than in males. Total body water was decreased as a consequence of diminished lean body mass. Extracellular fluid volume remained unchanged, while plasma volume increased. Thus, the liquid components of lean body mass were redistributed between the intracellular and extracellular spaces. The elimination kinetics of isotopes were not significantly different between young and aged subjects, except the elimination of radiosulfate.

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Potassium Changes with Age

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Renal Potassium Excretion: Comparison between Chronic Renal Disease Patients and Old People

Renal Potassium Excretion: Comparison between Chronic Renal Disease Patients and Old People

Continued potassium supplementation use following loop diuretic discontinuation in older adults: An evaluation of a prescribing cascade relic

Body Composition in Elderly People

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