Potassium–Sulfur Batteries: A New Member of Room-Temperature Rechargeable Metal–Sulfur Batteries

Zhao, Qing; Hu, Yuxiang; Zhang, Kai; Chen, Jun

doi:10.1021/ic500919e

Cited by 173 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Potassium–sulfur batteries (KSBs) have also been explored; one example uses ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK‐3)/sulfur and polyanilime (PANI) coated CMK‐3/sulfur composites as the positive electrode and K‐metal as the negative electrode with 1.0 m KClO 4 in tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) cycled between 1.2–2.4 V at 50 mA g −1 . CMK‐3/sulfur composites contained 40.8 wt% S and produced initial discharge and charge capacities of 512.7 and 522.5 mA h g −1 , respectively (see Figure 14 ).…”

Section: Full Cell Construction and Other K‐based Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Initial Review of the Status of Electrode Materials for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Pramudita

Sehrawat

Goonetilleke

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

933

540

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The status of room‐temperature potassium‐ion batteries is reviewed in light of recent concerns regarding the rising cost of lithium and the fact that room‐temperature sodium‐ion batteries have yet to be commercialised thus far. Initial reports of potassium‐ion cells appear promising given the infancy of the research area. This review presents not only an overview of the current potassium‐ion battery literature, but also attempts to provide context by describing previous developments in lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion batteries and the electrochemical reaction mechanisms discovered thus far. Perspectives and directions on the techniques available to characterize newly developed battery materials are also provided based on our experience and knowledge from the literature. It is hoped that through this review, the potential of potassium‐ion batteries as a competitive energy‐storage technology will be realised, and the accessibility and available knowledge of the techniques required to develop the technology will be made apparent.

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Section: Full Cell Construction and Other K‐based Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a) Reactions in the KSBs, b) schematic of electrode reactions in the composite electrodes, and c) charge–discharge profiles at 50 mA g −1 . Adapted with permission . Copyright 2014, American Chemical Society.…”

Section: Full Cell Construction and Other K‐based Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Initial Review of the Status of Electrode Materials for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Pramudita

Sehrawat

Goonetilleke

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

933

540

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, pure potassium anodesa re reported in the literatures for use in room-temperature potassium batteries, [17,[30][31][32] potassium-O 2 batteries, [33] and potassium-sulfur batteries. [30,34,35] It is relatively difficult to passivate ap otassium-metal anode during long-term running. Wu et al found that KFSI/diglyme electrolyte could realize highly stable potassium deposition/stripping at room temperature ( Figure 4).…”

Section: Potassiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolytes for Batteries with Earth‐Abundant Metal Anodes

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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Earth-abundant metal anodes have become one of the hottest topics in recent years. As alternatives to lithium metals, earth-abundant metal anodes have significantly lower cost and higher energy density, but with unprecedented problems that cannot be solved by simply referring to experiences with lithium-metal anodes. The electrolytes for these anodes greatly influence the overall performance, such as Coulombic efficiency, stability, and even the availability to become an anode. In this Minireview, some excellent state-of-art works on the electrolytes of energy-storage systems with sodium-, potassium-, magnesium-, calcium-, and aluminum-metal anodes are concisely summarized. The performance of these systems is highlighted by the rational design of the electrolyte and electrolyte/electrode interface.

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“…[9] Sulfur can facilitate a 2-electron charge transfer and theoretically deliver a high gravimetric capacity of 1672 mA h g −1 . In addition to the primary emphasis on lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, [10] sodiumsulfur batteries, [11] magnesium-sulfur (Mg-S) batteries, [12] potassium-sulfur batteries, [13] and aluminum-sulfur (Al-S) batteries [14] have also received significant attention. However, to date, there has been only one study on calcium-sulfur (Ca-S) batteries, and the Ca-S cells demonstrated in that study were not reversible.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Reversible Calcium‐Sulfur Battery with a Lithium‐Ion Mediation Approach

Boyer

Hwang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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attract increasing attention. [2] However, the progress in Ca 2+ -ion batteries is very sluggish due to multiple difficulties. One major challenge is the lack of applicable electrolytes that can provide a proper function for the stripping and plating of calcium metal. [3] Another challenge is the difficulty in realizing proper cathode host materials. As a matter of fact, there are substantial differences in the interaction behavior between the divalent Ca 2+ -ion and that of the monovalent Li + -ion. [4] Therefore, neither theoretical guidance nor practical experience with Li + -ion intercalation cathode materials may be straightforwardly adopted for the development of Ca 2+ -ion batteries.In an early stage, V 2 O 5 has been explored as an intercalation-type cathode for Ca 2+ -ion batteries, but the utilization of Ca is very low. [5] Ca-SOCl 2 battery systems have also been exploited, but the utilization of the SOCl 2 electrode is very low due to the passivation of the electrode. [6] In recent years, an intercalation cathode CaCo 2 O 4[7] and various conversion-type hexacyanoferratebased cathodes [8] have been investigated. The Ca 2+ -ion cells demonstrated with these cathode materials have shown interesting performances. However, the capacity of these materials is intrinsically low. Nonaqueous metal-sulfur batteries based on a sulfur cathode chemistry have recently been considered as a promising solution for the development of nextgeneration electrochemical energy storage technologies. [9] Sulfur can facilitate a 2-electron charge transfer and theoretically deliver a high gravimetric capacity of 1672 mA h g −1 . In addition to the primary emphasis on lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, [10] sodiumsulfur batteries, [11] magnesium-sulfur (Mg-S) batteries, [12] potassium-sulfur batteries, [13] and aluminum-sulfur (Al-S) batteries [14] have also received significant attention. However, to date, there has been only one study on calcium-sulfur (Ca-S) batteries, and the Ca-S cells demonstrated in that study were not reversible. [15] Furthermore, the Ca-S cell showed a low discharge voltage due to lack of an effective electrolyte.Herein, we present, for the first time, a reversible Ca-S battery enabled by a lithium-ion mediation strategy. The Ca-S battery is developed with a hybrid electrolyte comprised of a mixture of lithium and calcium ions. In addition to enabling the reversibility of Ca-S chemistry, the use of Li + -ion mediated electrolyte enhances the ionic charge transfer, thus both utilization of the active sulfur cathode and the discharge voltage of the Ca-S batteries are significantly improved.Calcium represents a promising anode for the development of high-energydensity, low-cost batteries. However, a lack of suitable electrolytes has restricted the development of rechargeable batteries with a Ca anode. Furthermore, to achieve a high energy density system, sulfur would be an ideal cathode to couple with the Ca anode. Unfortunately, a reversible calciumsulfur (Ca-S) battery has not yet been reported. Herein,...

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Potassium–Sulfur Batteries: A New Member of Room-Temperature Rechargeable Metal–Sulfur Batteries

Cited by 173 publications

References 56 publications

An Initial Review of the Status of Electrode Materials for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

An Initial Review of the Status of Electrode Materials for Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Electrolytes for Batteries with Earth‐Abundant Metal Anodes

Toward a Reversible Calcium‐Sulfur Battery with a Lithium‐Ion Mediation Approach

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