Potencjał geotermalny Polski oraz możliwości adaptacji międzynarodowej klasyfikacji zasobów geotermalnych UNFC-2009

Hajto, Marek; Krakowie, Agh Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. St. Staszica w

doi:10.18668/ng.2018.12.04

Cited by 5 publications

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“…District heating is a strategic and still promising area of utilization of geothermal energy in Poland. This is a key element of sustainable development, ensuring rational, economic, ecological and social effects in the area of heat energy production [59]. Sales of heat in 2017 by geothermal heating plants in Poland reached the level of approximately 868 TJ/year.…”

Section: The Use and Substitution Of Energy Carriers In Poland With Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Context of Threats Resulting from Low-Altitude Emissions in Rural Areas in Poland: A Review

Piwowar

Dzikuć

2019

Energies

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The process of transformation of the Polish economy, traditionally based on coal, into an economy that uses low-carbon technologies, faces a problem associated with the diversification of energy sources, especially in rural areas. The scale of the use of conventional energy carriers in households located in rural areas in Poland has a very negative impact on the natural environment. The aim of the paper is to indicate possibilities of reducing low-altitude emissions (with emitters not exceeding 40 m in height) in rural areas in Poland, through the development of renewable energy sources. This paper provides an overview of the specific character of rural areas in Poland and the development challenges faced in these areas in the investigated scope. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to dynamize pro-ecological activities in agriculture and in rural areas, including the development of agricultural biogas plants, wind and photovoltaic farms. The use of renewable energy sources can be an important factor in the development and sustainable growth of rural areas in Poland.

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Section: The Use and Substitution Of Energy Carriers In Poland With Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Context of Threats Resulting from Low-Altitude Emissions in Rural Areas in Poland: A Review

Piwowar

Dzikuć

2019

Energies

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“…The knowledge about deep geothermal potential has been gathered from several exploration oil wells that were drilled in the late 1960s and located in the area of our research. The results of different regional studies and resulting publications show that the eastern part of Krakow is one of the promising areas for deep geothermal exploration [22][23][24][25]. Despite this, geothermal water has not been exploited yet in the city.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading a District Heating System by Means of the Integration of Modular Heat Pumps, Geothermal Waters, and PVs for Resilient and Sustainable Urban Energy

et al. 2021

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Krakow has an extensive district heating network, which is approximately 900 km long. It is the second largest city in terms of the number of inhabitants in Poland, resulting in a high demand for energy—for both heating and cooling. The district heating of the city is based on coal. The paper presents the conception of using the available renewable sources to integrate them into the city’s heating system, increasing the flexibility of the system and its decentralization. An innovative solution of the use of hybrid, modular heat pumps with power dependent on the needs of customers in a given location and combining them with geothermal waters and photovoltaics is presented. The potential of deep geothermal waters is based on two reservoirs built of carbonate rocks, namely Devonian and Upper Jurassic, which mainly consist of dolomite and limestone. The theoretical potential of water intake equal to the nominal heating capacity of a geothermal installation is estimated at 3.3 and 2.0 MW, respectively. Shallow geothermal energy potential varies within the city, reflecting the complex geological structure of the city. Apart from typical borehole heat exchangers (BHEs), the shallower water levels may represent a significant potential source for both heating and cooling by means of water heat pumps. For the heating network, it has been proposed to use modular heat pumps with hybrid sources, which will allow for the flexible development of the network in places previously unavailable or unprofitable. In the case of balancing production and demand, a photovoltaic installation can be an effective and sufficient source of electricity that will cover the annual electricity demand generated by the heat pump installation, when it is used for both heating and cooling. The alternating demand of facilities for heating and cooling energy, caused by changes in the seasons, suggests potential for using seasonal cold and heat storage.

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“…Favourable geothermal parameters, high intake capacities, and deep-water temperatures reaching 50-90°C, particularly in Central Poland, provide opportunities to significantly increase the district heating use of geothermal waters in Poland (Hajto 2018).…”

Section: Fig 4 Annual Limit Value Of Benzo(a)pyrene Concentrations In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential to improve air quality by increasing the use of deep geothermal energy

Hajto

Kaczmarczyk

2022

geol

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Increasing the use of geothermal energy may be one of the tools bringing us closer to achieving the European Commission’s objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030. Air quality improvement plays a strategic role in achieving sustainable energy development. Both European and national legislation in this field is particularly comprehensive and effective, establishing rules for monitoring and preventing air pollution in order to avoid adverse effects on human health and the environment. Unfortunately, the effective air pollutions monitoring network currently in place in Poland, with 156 monitoring stations, mainly concerns agglomerations and cities with over 100,000 inhabitants. The lack of information on the state of pollution in smaller towns is a significant limitation in terms of research aimed at assessing the effects of corrective measures taken, such as the possible transformation of district heating systems based on RES, including the use of deep geothermal energy. This paper proposes some solutions which allow the effective estimation of air conditions in locations not covered by environmental monitoring, in the context of the potential to develop geothermal resources in the rich geothermal province of Central Poland.

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Potencjał geotermalny Polski oraz możliwości adaptacji międzynarodowej klasyfikacji zasobów geotermalnych UNFC-2009

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Context of Threats Resulting from Low-Altitude Emissions in Rural Areas in Poland: A Review

Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Context of Threats Resulting from Low-Altitude Emissions in Rural Areas in Poland: A Review

Upgrading a District Heating System by Means of the Integration of Modular Heat Pumps, Geothermal Waters, and PVs for Resilient and Sustainable Urban Energy

The potential to improve air quality by increasing the use of deep geothermal energy

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