Potent antiviral effect of silver nanoparticles on SARS-CoV-2

Jeremiah, Sundararaj Stanleyraj; Miyakawa, Kei; Morita, Takeshi; Yamaoka, Yutaro; Ryo, Akihide

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.09.018

Cited by 357 publications

(309 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Until now, various nanoparticles have been shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro [106] , [107] , [108] , [109] . However, there is limited or no data available for their mechanism of action on the viral particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D MXenes with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties: A pilot study against SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2021

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Two-dimensional transition metal carbides/carbonitrides known as MXenes are rapidly growing as multimodal nanoplatforms in biomedicine. Here, taking SARS-CoV-2 as a model, we explored the antiviral properties and immune-profile of a large panel of four highly stable and well-characterized MXenes - Ti 3 C 2 T x , Ta 4 C 3 T x , Mo 2 Ti 2 C 3 T x and Nb 4 C 3 T x . To start with antiviral assessment, we first selected and deeply analyzed four different SARS-CoV-2 genotypes, common in most countries and carrying the wild type or mutated spike protein. When inhibition of the viral infection was tested in vitro with four viral clades, Ti 3 C 2 T x in particular, was able to significantly reduce infection only in SARS-CoV-2/clade GR infected Vero E6 cells. This difference in the antiviral activity, among the four viral particles tested, highlights the importance of considering the viral genotypes and mutations while testing antiviral activity of potential drugs and nanomaterials. Among the other MXenes tested, Mo 2 Ti 2 C 3 T x also showed antiviral properties. Proteomic, functional annotation analysis and comparison to the already published SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map revealed that MXene-treatment exerts specific inhibitory mechanisms. Envisaging future antiviral MXene-based drug nano-formulations and considering the central importance of the immune response to viral infections, the immune impact of MXenes was evaluated on human primary immune cells by flow cytometry and single-cell mass cytometry on 17 distinct immune subpopulations. Moreover, 40 secreted cytokines were analyzed by Luminex technology. MXene immune profiling revealed i) the excellent bio and immune compatibility of the material, as well as the ability of MXene ii) to inhibit monocytes and iii) to reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect elicited by MXene. We here report a selection of MXenes and viral SARS-CoV-2 genotypes/mutations, a series of the computational, structural and molecular data depicting deeply the SARS-CoV-2 mechanism of inhibition, as well as high dimensional single-cell immune-MXene profiling. Taken together, our results provide a compendium of knowledge for new developments of MXene-based multi-functioning nanosystems as antivirals and immune-modulators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D MXenes with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties: A pilot study against SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2021

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“…The antimicrobial effects of Ag NPs are accomplished by a unique physiochemical property to generate more efficient contact with microorganisms and enhance interactions with microbial proteins [ 36 ]. Ag NPs present excellent activity against many kinds of bacteria [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ] and are capable of disrupting the mitochondrial respiratory chain, leading to the production of ROS [ 43 ], and have also demonstrated promising antifungal [ 44 , 45 ] and antiviral capabilities against viruses such as HIV, Tacaribe virus, and several respiratory pathogens, including adenovirus, parainfluenza, and influenza (H3N2) [ 31 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Specifically with regard to antiviral activities, AgNPs are thought to inhibit the entry of the virus into cells due to the binding of envelope proteins, such as glycoprotein gp120, which prevents CD4-dependent virion binding, fusion, and infectivity [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SiO2-Ag Composite as a Highly Virucidal Material: A Roadmap that Rapidly Eliminates SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2021

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COVID-19, as the cause of a global pandemic, has resulted in lockdowns all over the world since early 2020. Both theoretical and experimental efforts are being made to find an effective treatment to suppress the virus, constituting the forefront of current global safety concerns and a significant burden on global economies. The development of innovative materials able to prevent the transmission, spread, and entry of COVID-19 pathogens into the human body is currently in the spotlight. The synthesis of these materials is, therefore, gaining momentum, as methods providing nontoxic and environmentally friendly procedures are in high demand. Here, a highly virucidal material constructed from SiO2-Ag composite immobilized in a polymeric matrix (ethyl vinyl acetate) is presented. The experimental results indicated that the as-fabricated samples exhibited high antibacterial activity towards Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as well as towards SARS-CoV-2. Based on the present results and radical scavenger experiments, we propose a possible mechanism to explain the enhancement of the biocidal activity. In the presence of O2 and H2O, the plasmon-assisted surface mechanism is the major reaction channel generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). We believe that the present strategy based on the plasmonic effect would be a significant contribution to the design and preparation of efficient biocidal materials. This fundamental research is a precedent for the design and application of adequate technology to the next-generation of antiviral surfaces to combat SARS-CoV-2.

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“…In this respect, the development of new surface treatments guarantying a long-term, intrinsic antimicrobial activity is of significant importance in reducing the risk of contamination in work and public places. In this respect, different approaches have been recently described in the scientific literature, including among them, the use of silver as a powerful antimicrobial and inhibitor of some of the mechanisms of viral infection [ 24 ], the specific value on the Coronavirus families and of SARS-CoV2 appears to be of particular interest [ 25 ].…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold hard anodized (GHA) materials with antimicrobial surface properties: mechanical, tribological, and microbiological characterization

Nastruzzi¹,

Cicerchia²,

Fortini

et al. 2021

emergent mater.

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Infections acquired in public spaces (i.e., transports, restaurants, and bars, hospitals) present a serious burden for the entire health systems. In this respect, appropriate preventative and control measures in order to eliminate or reduce the negative effects of surface-transmitted infections appear highly desirable. Alongside recommendations for treatment and hygiene, antimicrobial material surfaces can offer indeed an important contribution to the prevention of infections. The aim of the current paper is therefore to describe the preparation and characterization of a new material obtained by an innovative anodic oxidation, defined as golden hard anodizing GHA. The anodic oxide surface thanks to the nanoporous structure acts as reservoir of silver ions (Ag+) which in turn confer antimicrobial properties to the material surface. Specifically, the manuscript presents a thorough preparation and characterization of a new material obtained by an innovative anodic oxidation treatment applied on commercially available aluminum alloys including the microscopic analysis and the description of the antimicrobial performances against a number of microorganisms, including among the others, Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. More specifically, the current article describes some of the properties of GHA materials. The tribological properties of GHA were evaluated through experimental tests performed with a pin-on-disk tribometer. The morphology of the wear surfaces was studied by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and profilometry investigations. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the possible anticorrosive properties of GHA, tests in neutral salt spray are in addition described.

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Potent antiviral effect of silver nanoparticles on SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 357 publications

References 26 publications

2D MXenes with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties: A pilot study against SARS-CoV-2

2D MXenes with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties: A pilot study against SARS-CoV-2

SiO2-Ag Composite as a Highly Virucidal Material: A Roadmap that Rapidly Eliminates SARS-CoV-2

Gold hard anodized (GHA) materials with antimicrobial surface properties: mechanical, tribological, and microbiological characterization

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