Potent Protective Effect of Melatonin on Chromium(VI)-Induced DNA Single-Strand Breaks, Cytotoxicity, and Lipid Peroxidation in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes

Susa, Nobuyuki; Ueno, Shunji; Furukawa, Yoshinori; Ueda, Jun-ichi; Sugiyama, Masayasu

doi:10.1006/taap.1997.8151

Cited by 115 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The present study also showed that chromium (VI) treatment resulted in decreased levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as GSH, vitamins C and E, and inhibited activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as GR, GSH-Px and SOD in cultured rat hepatocytes. Similar results were observed in previous studies [40][41][42]. In the present study, pretreatment with DDTC had no effect on the reduction of GSH or vitamin C level or on inhibition of GR, GSH-Px or SOD activity induced by chromium (VI).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Concerning these antioxidants, our previous studies with cultured hepatocytes also showed that a metal chelator DFO had no influence on cellular levels of GSH and the activities of GR as well as SOD, however this chelator attenuated the suppression of cellular levels of vitamin C and vitamin E induced by chromium (VI), resulting in the suppression of chromium (VI)-induced DNA breaks, cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation [41]. Similarly, treatment with vitamin E or melatonin inhibited chromium (VI)-induced cytotoxicity as well as lipid peroxidation, and normalized the levels of vitamins C and E suppressed by dichromate, without affecting such antioxidant enzymes as GSH-Px, SOD and CAT [40,42]. These and the present study suggest that the protective effect of DDTC against chromium (VI)-induced cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation may be related more to the levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E than to the enzymatic antioxidant activity within cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Protective Effect of Diethyldithiocarbamate Pretreatment on Chromium(VI)-Induced Cytotoxicity and Lipid Peroxidation in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes.

Susa

Ueno

Furukawa

1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Pretreatment of primary cultures of rat hepatocytes with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) for 15 min prior to exposure to K 2 Cr 2 O 7 resulted in a marked decrease in dichromate-induced cytotoxicity, as evaluated by the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, and in lipid peroxidation, as monitored by malondialdehyde formation. In addition, pretreatment with DDTC attenuated the suppression of the level of vitamin E attributed to K 2 Cr 2 O 7 . However, DDTC pretreatment had no effect on the cellular levels of glutathione or vitamin C or on the activity of the glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase or alkaline phosphatase suppressed by dichromate. Under the same experimental conditions, cellular uptake or distribution of chromium was not affected by DDTC. These results indicate that the protective effect of DDTC on chromium (VI)-induced cytotoxicity as well as lipid peroxidation may be associated with the level of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E. -KEY WORDS: chromium (VI), cytotoxicity, diethyldithiocarbamate, hepatocyte, lipid peroxidation.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 60(1): 71-76, 1998 associated in part with the production of active oxygen. Membrane-permeable metal-chelating agents such as deferoxamin (DFO) and o-phenanthroline (OP) have been reported to inhibit the DNA-strand breaks and cytotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide in cultured mammalian cells [8]. It is well known that these chelators form a complex with intracellular transition metals such as iron, preventing the occurrence of Fenton-type reaction of hydroxyl radical and protecting cells from the genetic and cytotoxic action of hydrogen peroxide [8]. With respect to chromium, recent studies showed that OP and DFO inhibited chromium (VI)-induced DNA breaks, cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation in cultured cells [37,41] and that these chelators suppressed the formation of in vitro chromium (V) and chromium (V)-mediated hydroxyl radical [28,37].Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) a metal chelator is used for the selective determination of chromium (VI) [30]. Furthermore, this chelator has also been shown to be an effecient inhibitor of Fe 2+ -and Cu 2+ -catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation, also protecting the cells from this toxic radical [46].In the present study, we using primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, to find examined whether DDTC has an effect on chromium (VI)-induced cytotoxicity and lipid Chromium (VI) compounds are potent toxic and carcinogenic metals [6]. With respect to their toxicity, hepatic and renal toxicities have been reported in workers and animals exposed to chromium (VI) [19]. Chromium (VI) compounds induced also DNA damage in vivo [5] and in cultured cells [36] as well as inhibition of the activity of such enzymes as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in mammalian cells [34].The biological effects of chromium (VI) are generally attributed to cellular uptake, since chromium (VI), in ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Diethyldithiocarbamate Pretreatment on Chromium(VI)-Induced Cytotoxicity and Lipid Peroxidation in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes.

Susa

Ueno

Furukawa

1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All these findings indicate that AFMK is a central metabolite of melatonin oxidation especially in nonhepatic tissues. Interestingly, melatonin was shown to prevent the loss of important dietary antioxidants including Vitamins C and E (Susa et al 1997), bind iron and participate in maintaining iron pool at appropriate level resulting in control of iron haemostasis, thereby providing tissue protection (Othman et al 2008). Furthermore, melatonin enhances antioxidant action of atocopherol and ascorbate against NADPH-and iron-dependent lipid peroxidation in human placental mitochondria (Milczarek et al 2010).…”

Section: Melatonin and Factors That Determine Antioxidant Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation

El-Missiry¹,

Othman²,

Al-Abdan³

2012

Current Topics in Ionizing Radiation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…72 Experimentally, melatonin has been shown to cause some restoration in vitamin C and E levels (nonenzymatic antioxidants) and the activity of catalase (an enzymatic antioxidant) in cells exposed to oxidative stress. 73 In vitro studies show that melatonin scavenges a common oxidantFnitric oxide. 74 It also protects against chromosomal damage caused by ionizing radiation and other oxidative stresses.…”

Section: Melatonin and The Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…74 It also protects against chromosomal damage caused by ionizing radiation and other oxidative stresses. 73 Whereas most antioxidants can only function within certain subcellular compartments, its lipid 35 and aqueous 36 solubility allow access to virtually all parts of the cell.…”

Section: Melatonin and The Lensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light, dark, and melatonin: emerging evidence for the importance of melatonin in ocular physiology

Brennan

Jan

Lyons

2006

Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Melatonin is a hormone, which is mainly produced by the pineal gland, a vestigial eye. Rather than the rods and cones, it is a newly discovered subgroup of photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, which is responsible for mediating the light-dark cycles, thus regulating melatonin's secretion. One of the correlates of the circadian rhythm of melatonin release is the habitual sleep pattern. Patients with circadian rhythm sleep disorders, including some blind patients with no light-induced suppression of melatonin, benefit from melatonin treatment. Melatonin is synthesized in the retina, lens, ciliary body as well as other parts of the body. In this review, we discuss the physiological roles of melatonin in the eye, as well as the potential therapeutic avenues currently under study.

show abstract

Potent Protective Effect of Melatonin on Chromium(VI)-Induced DNA Single-Strand Breaks, Cytotoxicity, and Lipid Peroxidation in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes

Cited by 115 publications

References 0 publications

Protective Effect of Diethyldithiocarbamate Pretreatment on Chromium(VI)-Induced Cytotoxicity and Lipid Peroxidation in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes.

Protective Effect of Diethyldithiocarbamate Pretreatment on Chromium(VI)-Induced Cytotoxicity and Lipid Peroxidation in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes.

Melatonin for Protection Against Ionizing Radiation

Light, dark, and melatonin: emerging evidence for the importance of melatonin in ocular physiology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About