Potential bioactivity of Phoenix dactylifera fruits, leaves, and seeds against prostate and pancreatic cancer cells

Abstract

The use of functional foods’ phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of different cancer diseases has become one of the hot scientific areas in the clinical nutrition field. For instance, the Khalas palm cultivar (KPC; Phoenix dactylifera) is one of the natural sustainable resources that have high bioactivity and functionality. This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative activity and mode of action of KPC’s different parts on prostate (Pc3) and pancreatic (panc1) cancer cells at a molecular level. In the methods, KPC’s leaves, seeds, and fruits’ chemical composition and phytochemical analysis were analyzed. Also, the cytotoxic effects of each extract were assessed against pc3 and panc1 cell lines. Besides, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, and gene expression of both Cap3 and Cap9 were studied. The obtained results indicated that KPC leaves extract exhibited the highest significant (P < 0.01) anti-proliferation activity against the utilized cancer cell lines compared to fruits and seeds extracts. Also, there were significant (P < 0.05) differences in the phenolic contents, flavonoid of compounds, and antioxidant power of the leaves when compared to the seeds and fruits. Additionally, the highest cytotoxic effect (lowest IC50) was recorded with leave extract than seeds and fruits. Meanwhile, the seeds extract induced (P < 0.05) the apoptosis and arrested cells in the G2/M phase as well as up-regulated the gene expression of the apoptotic-related genes (Casp3 and Casp9) compared to the control group. In conclusion, this study showed that the presence of bioactive components in the KPC different parts extracts have the significant ability to induce the apoptotic pathway that could down-regulate the proliferation of prostate (pc3) and pancreatic (panc1) cancer cells. The pathway mechanism of action was induced by the phytol molecule presented in its leaves extract.

Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) and Its Promising Potential in Developing Functional Energy Bars: Review of Chemical, Nutritional, Functional, and Sensory Attributes

“…It was shown that the Barhi date extract exerts inhibitory effects on critical signaling pathways related to cellular growth and functions, such as PTEN and AKT, namely, phosphatase and tensin homolog and protein kinase B, respectively. Date leaf extracts were also reported to promote significantly stronger anti-tumor activities than date pulp or pit extracts; the results showed that the phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity of the date leaf extract were significantly higher than those of the pulp or pit [70]. Consistent positive results were observed in several in vitro studies with extracts of different date varieties or different date parts, including pits and leaves [15,16,71,72].…”

Phytochemical Screening of Some Medicinal Plants in Al Jouf, KSA

“…Glycosides are found in practically all medicinal plants and offer a wide range of therapeutic effects (Yadav et al) [29], Alqahtani et al) [41]. Glycosides have been demonstrated to have sedative and digesting actions in prior investigations (Galvano et al) [42], anti-cancer (Zhou et al) [43], (Hikal et al) [44], (Al-Harbi et al) [45], (Alhaithloul et al) [46], (Ghazzawy et al) [47], and cough suppressants (Kabera et al) [48]. As a result, these may be the causes for the large number of reported uses in conventional therapy in Al Jouf for these families, which are considered the most widely used families (Alhaithloul et al) [49].…”

A Comparative Analysis of Chemical Constituents and Antioxidant Effects of Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook Fractions with Different Polarities

“…The bioactivities of natural plants are dependent on their chemical compositions [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. More than 2300 compounds have been identified ( Supplementary Material Table S1 ) in DH extract, and these chemical compounds could be classified into over eighteen different types according to their structures ( Figure 1 A).…”