Potential-controlled electrodeposition of gold dendrites in the presence of cysteine

Lin, Tay-Jyi; Lin, Ching Wei; Liu, Hao Heng; Sheu, Jeng−Tzong; Hung, Wei Hsiu

doi:10.1039/c0cc03273e

Cited by 144 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Electrodeposition is a technologically important process with diverse applications and implications, e.g., for battery technology, electroplating, and production of metal powders and microstructures [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. For well over a century it has been known, however, that the layer deposited during electrodeposition is prone to morphological instabilities, leading to ramified growth of the electrode surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharp-interface model of electrodeposition and ramified growth

Nielsen

Bruus

2015

Phys. Rev. E

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We present a sharp-interface model of two-dimensional ramified growth during quasisteady electrodeposition. Our model differs from previous modeling methods in that it includes the important effects of extended spacecharge regions and nonlinear electrode reactions. The electrokinetics is described by a continuum model, but the discrete nature of the ions is taken into account by adding a random noise term to the electrode current. The model is validated by comparing its behavior in the initial stage with the predictions of a linear stability analysis. The main limitations of the model are the restriction to two dimensions and the assumption of quasisteady transport.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sharp-interface model of electrodeposition and ramified growth

Nielsen

Bruus

2015

Phys. Rev. E

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“…When the deposition time increased to 1200 s, the lengths of spikes are increased to ∼1 μm, with a thicker core structure and some "barbed" morphology, as shown in Figures 1c and 1d. Figures 1e and 1f show thicker gold spikes with longer tips of 2-3 μm, as well as the appearance of more barbs along the backbone of gold spikes when the deposition time is increased to 1800 s. We do not see hierarchical dendritic branching as observed in growth directed by organic agents for Au dendrites under similar conditions, 34 but rather a thicker spike with a barbed structure as more Au is deposited on the surface. Cyclic voltammetric curves were first recorded in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 to probe the surface of the electrodeposited Au spikes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…34 It is well-known that the SH group of cysteine can adsorb on Au surfaces through strong Au-S bonds, which forms an insulating layer inhibiting the deposition and growth of Au. Figure S9 in the Supporting Information shows the adsorbed thiols can be desorbed through electrochemical reactions at a potential which depends on the crystallographic domains of the Au surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38 For gold seeds, a 10 mL solution of 0.25 mM HAuCl 4 Au dendrites were electrodeposited on glassy carbon (GC) electrode following a published procedure. 34 Briefly, a GC electrode was firstly polished on a polishing cloth with 0.05 μm alumina slurry, followed by ultrasonication in ethanol and water for 10 min in sequence. Au dendrites were electrodeposited at −0.8 V for 1000 s, 2000 s and 3000 s respectively in the presence of 1 mM HAuCl 4 + 0.1 mM cysteine in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic shape directing agents have also been used to electrodeposit dendritic structures, with hierarchal dendrites being formed as the electrodeposition progresses in time. 34 In this paper, Au spikes with three different morphologies were obtained by undertaking electrodeposition for three different time periods. The electroanalytical performances of these three gold morphologies confirm that As (III) detection via ASV on Au is highly structure sensitive, and that conditions for electrodeposition need to be closely controlled when preparing surfaces for analysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Effect of Electrodeposition Parameters and Morphology on the Performance of Au Nanostructures for the Detection of As (III)

Ren

Jones

Chen

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A series of Au nanospikes and dendrites were electrodeposited with either an inorganic (Pb 2+ ) or organic (cysteine) growth directing agent for different times to obtain varied morphology. These structures were compared with gold nanoparticles of three different shapes (Octahedral, Cubic and Rhombic Dodecahedral) for detection of As (III) by Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (SWASV). The sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) was dependent on the surface crystallographic orientations and the morphology, with superior sensitivity confirmed with a maximum amount of Au (111) facets on the surface for the nanoparticles. XRD studies suggested that the shape directing influence of Pb 2+ is lost on the gold nanospikes at higher deposition time, and that the size of the (111) terraces on the polycrystalline surfaces decreased, which led to a loss of performance. For gold dendrites, as the cysteine maintained shape directing behavior through hierarchical dendritic branching, deposition time did not affect the sensitivity. The study confirms that electrodeposition parameters or nanoparticle synthesis methods for Au surfaces in arsenic sensing needs to be carefully controlled, to either maximize the (111) facets, or minimize the steps on a polycrystalline Au surface, and that inorganic and organic shape directing agents will have differing effects. Arsenic (As) is a naturally occurring toxic substance associated with adverse health effects, including mutagenicity and carcinogenity.1 Contamination of groundwater by arsenic has been reported in more than 20 countries 2 with a recommended 10 ppb upper limit for drinking water set by the World Health Organization (WHO).3 Arsenite (As (III)) is considered the most toxic form in natural water, while Arsenate (As (V)) is 50 times less poisonous and generally the most stable in oxidising conditions. 4-7 Anthropogenic emissions of arsenic from industrial effluents, combustion of fossil fuels, or mining of As containing ores are a significant source, as are natural origins such as As bearing minerals. 8,9 A variety of conventional laboratory analytical techniques are available for arsenic detection including atomic absorption/fluorescence spectrometry, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), high performance liquid/gas chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS).10 However, there remains a need for detection methods that are economically competitive, due to prevalent As in remote regions of the developing world, and such methods must be accurate and convenient for technicians to conduct on-site analysis. Electrochemical methods are useful to this end, 11 and a large range of materials have been developed for electrochemical detection of arsenic. Gold-based materials have been studied extensively for electrochemical detection of Arsenic (As), with the technique of Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV) offering excellent sensitivity and limit of detection.12 Nanostructured Au electrodes have been shown to have a lower limit of detection (LOD) and h...

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Superhydrophobicity‐Mediated Electrochemical Reaction Along the Solid–Liquid–Gas Triphase Interface: Edge‐Growth of Gold Architectures

Liu

et al. 2013

Advanced Materials

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A superhydrophobic pillar-structured electrode leads to uncommon electrochemical behavior. The anti-wetting reaction surface restricts the contact between electrolyte and electrode to the pillar tops, as a result of trapped air pockets in the gaps between pillars. The electrochemical reaction occurs mainly at the solid/liquid/gas triphase interface, instead of the traditional solid/liquid diphase surface, yielding unique edge-growth structures - for example gold microflowers - on the top of each pillar.

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Potential-controlled electrodeposition of gold dendrites in the presence of cysteine

Cited by 144 publications

References 31 publications

Sharp-interface model of electrodeposition and ramified growth

Sharp-interface model of electrodeposition and ramified growth

The Effect of Electrodeposition Parameters and Morphology on the Performance of Au Nanostructures for the Detection of As (III)

Superhydrophobicity‐Mediated Electrochemical Reaction Along the Solid–Liquid–Gas Triphase Interface: Edge‐Growth of Gold Architectures

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