Potential Cross-Transmission of Mycobacterium abscessus among Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Japan

Yoshida, Mitsunori; Murase, Yoshiro; Ando, Akio; Ohta, Ken; Ato, Manabu; Mitarai, Satoshi; Morimoto, Kozo

doi:10.1128/spectrum.00097-22

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is extensive diversity in global M. abscessus complex organisms, even though closely related isolates have been identified in patients with CF and non-CF patients at geographically distant sites 15 , 21 , 41 , 42 . Isolates from patients in different countries were often more closely related to each other than those from the same centre in Ontario 21 . While there is a sampling bias towards the UK in public databases, this is unlikely to affect our interpretation of the diversity of Ontario M. abscessus and we note that observation of UK isolates spread across all three subspecies trees does not necessarily mean that the UK is a global source of M. abscessus infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence for this is conflicting; multiple studies have reported clusters of highly similar genomes from different CF centres, attributing this similarity to person-to-person transmission 12 – 15 , however, epidemiological contact data was largely lacking. Genomic studies including epidemiological data have refuted patient-to-patient transmission 16 – 21 . To address this limitation and further evaluate potential transmission between CF patients, we conducted a retrospective study of M. abscessus in a large Canadian CF centre where detailed hospitalization and clinic attendance data were available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic epidemiology of Mycobacterium abscessus in a Canadian cystic fibrosis centre

Waglechner

Tullis

Stephenson

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The Mycobacterium abscessus complex causes significant morbidity and mortality among patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF). It has been hypothesized that these organisms are transmitted from patient to patient based on genomics. However, few studies incorporate epidemiologic data to confirm this hypothesis. We longitudinally sampled 27 CF and 7 non-CF patients attending a metropolitan hospital in Ontario, Canada from 2013 to 2018. Whole genome sequencing along with epidemiological data was used to evaluate the likelihood of transmission. Overall, the genetic diversity of M. abscessus was large, with a median pairwise distance (IQR) of 1,279 (143–134) SNVs between all Ontario M. abscessus isolates and 2,908 (21–3,204) single nucleotide variants (SNVs) between M. massiliense isolates. This reflects the global diversity of this pathogen, with Ontario isolates widely dispersed throughout global phylogenetic trees of each subspecies. Using a maximum distance of 25 SNVs as a threshold to identify possible transmission, we identified 23 (of 276 total) pairs of closely-related isolates. However, transmission was probable for only one pair based on both genomic and epidemiological data. This suggests that person-to-person transmission of M. abscessus among CF patients is indeed rare and reinforces the critical importance of epidemiological data for inferences of transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic epidemiology of Mycobacterium abscessus in a Canadian cystic fibrosis centre

Waglechner

Tullis

Stephenson

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Different molecular biology techniques have been described as useful for the identification of these outbreaks [ 8 , 67 , 68 ]. However, the recent development of new molecular tools based on whole genome sequencing has suggested the possibility of interhuman transmission of some strains [ 69 , 70 ]. These reports open new possibilities for the knowledge of the actual epidemiology of these microorganisms, and to establish new control methods that allow us to avoid the contagion and development of these diseases among susceptible hosts.…”

Section: Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium biofilms

Muñoz-Egea

Akir

Esteban

2023

Biofilm

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“…Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic pathogens, generally only infecting immunocompromised patients [2]. However, the possibility of cross-transmission among humans of MAB has been reported [3][4][5], particularly in skin and soft tissue infections [6] and in cystic fibrosis patients [3]. Furthermore, NTM exhibits a strong survival tendency in aquatic environments [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating a pulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus infection outbreak among elderly inpatients in the intensive care ward

Hua,

Wu,

Zhu

et al. 2023

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Mycobacterium abscessus is an opportunistic nontuberculous mycobacteria pathogen; however, the prevalence of nosocomial and community infections is increasing. In January 2016, several bedridden inpatients in the intensive care unit of a hospital had positive sputum smears for acid-fast bacilli, suggesting a mycobacteria outbreak. Methodology: Acid-fast bacilli smear microscopy, isolation, and culturing were performed twice using sputa from each suspected intensive care unit inpatient (n = 13); in addition, medical history was obtained for each inpatient with suspected infection. Furthermore, environmental specimens were surveyed, collected, and cultured. We used DNA microarray chip analysis to identify positive mycobacterial isolates at the species level and performed whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction. Results: Seven inpatients had M. abscessus pulmonary infection, confirmed by 2 positive cultures; five of the inpatients had only one positive culture, while one had two negative cultures. Six of 13 ventilator condensate samples were mycobacterial culture-positive, identified as M. abscessus; the other environmental samples were negative. The M. abscessus isolates (15 sputa and 4 environmental samples) clustered together in the phylogenic analysis with only one single-nucleotide polymorphism difference. All patients were symptom-free after 8 months of multi-drug treatment. Conclusions: We confirmed a pulmonary M. abscessus outbreak among 12 bedridden patients in the intensive care unit through microbiological, molecular epidemiological, and environmental investigations. The possible infection source was contaminated ventilator condensate. This outbreak reemphasizes the importance of standardized ventilator maintenance and disinfection for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia and is a reminder that nontuberculous mycobacteria-related ventilator-associated pneumonia is possible.

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Potential Cross-Transmission of Mycobacterium abscessus among Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Japan

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Genomic epidemiology of Mycobacterium abscessus in a Canadian cystic fibrosis centre

Genomic epidemiology of Mycobacterium abscessus in a Canadian cystic fibrosis centre

Mycobacterium biofilms

Investigating a pulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus infection outbreak among elderly inpatients in the intensive care ward

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