Potential effects of the Nagoya Protocol on the exchange of non-plant genetic resources for scientific research: Actors, paths, and consequences

Welch, Eric W.; Shin, Eun-Jung; Long, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.11.019

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Also, the NP does not specifically consider the existing norms of the livestock sector wherein private contracts between buyer and seller are well established. Ineffective consideration of the market system and GD in the NP has potentially negative consequences for the livestock sector including increased transaction costs and reduced gene flow and innovation (Welch et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of genetic drift on access and benefit sharing under the Nagoya Protocol: The case of the Meishan pig1

Blackburn¹,

Plante

Rohrer

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genetic drift (GD) randomly impacts small breeds and imported populations. Therefore, it can impact policies that affect conservation of animal genetic resources. This paper evaluates GD for a population of Meishan pigs imported into the United States and explores the ramifications of GD on access and benefit sharing of genetic resources under the Nagoya Protocol (NP) of the United Nations' Convention on Biological Diversity. The NP was motivated by concerns about fair and equitable benefit sharing of genetic resources across life forms. In this experiment, 35 microsatellite markers were used to quantify the level of GD that occurred between Meishan pigs (Meishan-China; n = 22) imported into the United States in the late 1980s and contemporary Meishan (Meishan-US; n = 42), which have been randomly bred since importation. The Meishan-US consisted of 2 subpopulations (Meishan-MARC and Meishan-ISU). Five other breeds were also included in the analysis to serve as reference populations: Fengjing and Minzhu, which were imported with Meishan-China, and Duroc, Berk-shire, and Yorkshire from the United States. Mean shift in allele frequency was 0.11 (SE = 0.019) due to GD for Meishan-US vs. Meishan-China with some loci having changed allele frequencies by greater than 0.20. Principle coordinate analysis confirmed divergence among the Meishan populations. Model-based clustering tended to place the U.S. and Chinese breeds into 2 distinct clusters, likely due to differences in allele frequencies between U.S. and Chinese breeds. Contemporary Meishan-US has become differentiated from the original imported animals due to GD. Attributing future performance of Meishan-US to Meishan-China, as set forth by NP, is problematic due to GD. As an imported breed becomes established there will be an increasing number of breeders who may have different selection goals and private treaty contracts will govern the exchange of stock between them. Therefore, considering biological phenomena and social dynamics simultaneously draws into question whether a rigorous access and benefit sharing protocol as envisioned in the NP will be operational.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of genetic drift on access and benefit sharing under the Nagoya Protocol: The case of the Meishan pig1

Blackburn¹,

Plante

Rohrer

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The experience so far is not encouraging, taking into account different legal circumstances, requirements and ABS practices established in countries that collaborate within international research projects [ 40 ]. ABS requirements are adding costs and complexity to already extensive requirements related to veterinary and sanitary OIE regulations and animal identification and registration [ 41 ]. Even researches from the provider country are not convinced that ABS measures will positively impact research collaboration, or conservation of domestic genetic resources [ 42 ].…”

Section: Impact On Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of the Nagoya Protocol in Livestock Sector: What Have We Learnt So Far?

Martyniuk

Haska

2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the paper was to analyze impacts of seven years of implementation of the Nagoya Protocol on the livestock sector based on available sources of information and literature. Interim National Reports on implementation of the Nagoya Protocol provided by countries and other information available at the ABS Clearing House managed by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, especially Internationally Recognized Certificates of Compliance (IRCC), were analyzed. Moreover, trends in geneflow of breeding products in selected countries, based on the national reports provided to the UN COMATRADE database, have been compared. Analysis from these sources showed limited impact of the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol for livestock breeding and conservation, as out of 2370 IRCC issued by 31 May 2021, only 573 were granted for animal genetic/biological resources including 90 with livestock as the subject matter. Only one IRCC was granted to a foreign user; all other IRCC were issued for domestic users. The intent was to use livestock genetic/biological resources as bioresources for innovation, which should lead to establishment of the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) with benefits to be shared through the National Competent Authority or for research purposes.

show abstract

“…Data infrastructure, quality, storage and security Data quality. The quality of shared data is important to ensure reproducibility 241,[243][244][245][246][247] . Scepticism and self-doubt of quality of research may inhibit some researchers from sharing their data 178 .…”

Section: Data Access Committeesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations for an integrated population health databank in Africa: lessons from global best practices

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The rising digitisation and proliferation of data sources and repositories cannot be ignored. This trend expands opportunities to integrate and share population health data. Such platforms have many benefits, including the potential to efficiently translate information arising from such data to evidence needed to address complex global health challenges. There are pockets of quality data on the continent that may benefit from greater integration. Integration of data sources is however under-explored in Africa. The aim of this article is to identify the requirements and provide practical recommendations for developing a multi-consortia public and population health data-sharing framework for Africa. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of global best practices and policies on data sharing and its optimisation. We searched eight databases for publications and undertook an iterative snowballing search of articles cited in the identified publications. The Leximancer software © enabled content analysis and selection of a sample of the most relevant articles for detailed review. Themes were developed through immersion in the extracts of selected articles using inductive thematic analysis. We also performed interviews with public and population health stakeholders in Africa to gather their experiences, perceptions, and expectations of data sharing. Results: Our findings described global stakeholder experiences on research data sharing. We identified some challenges and measures to harness available resources and incentivise data sharing. We further highlight progress made by the different groups in Africa and identified the infrastructural requirements and considerations when implementing data sharing platforms. Furthermore, the review suggests key reforms required, particularly in the areas of consenting, privacy protection, data ownership, governance, and data access. Conclusions: The findings underscore the critical role of inclusion, social justice, public good, data security, accountability, legislation, reciprocity, and mutual respect in developing a responsive, ethical, durable, and integrated research data sharing ecosystem.

show abstract

Potential effects of the Nagoya Protocol on the exchange of non-plant genetic resources for scientific research: Actors, paths, and consequences

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

Impact of genetic drift on access and benefit sharing under the Nagoya Protocol: The case of the Meishan pig1

Impact of genetic drift on access and benefit sharing under the Nagoya Protocol: The case of the Meishan pig1

Implementation of the Nagoya Protocol in Livestock Sector: What Have We Learnt So Far?

Considerations for an integrated population health databank in Africa: lessons from global best practices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About