Potential health effects of exposure to carcinogenic compounds in incense smoke in temple workers

Navasumrit, Panida; Arayasiri, Manasawee; Hiang, Ohmar May Tin; Leechawengwongs, Manoon; Promvijit, Jeerawan; Choonvisase, Suppachai; Chantchaemsai, Samroeng; Nakngam, Netnapa; Mahidol, Chulabhorn; Ruchirawat, Mathuros

doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2008.02.004

Cited by 95 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Exposure to incense smoke may be associated with many adverse health effects including cancer, respiratory morbidity, central nervous system damage and lung irritation [2], [12], [13]. Numerous studies related to inhalation epidemiology have shown a positive association between ambient PMs -bound PAHs concentrations and adverse health effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies related to inhalation epidemiology have shown a positive association between ambient PMs -bound PAHs concentrations and adverse health effects. Navasumrit et al [13] conducted the study in Thailand by comparing two studied subject groups. Air particulate samples were collected by using personal air sampling from temple workers (n= 40) and control group (n= 25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Bootdee¹,

Chantara²

2014

IJESD

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Abstract-The inhalation of fine particles (PM 2.5 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) has been associated with health problems. Incense burning is an important indoor source of these pollutants. This research aims to measure PM 2.5 and NO 2 emitted from incense burning in shrines on special occasions and during normal periods to assess the indoor air quality changes. PM 2.5 samples were collected on Teflon filters using a mini volume air sampler set up inside the shrines, while NO 2 samples were collected by tube type passive samplers, set up both indoors and outdoors. When special events were compared with normal occasions, the mean PM 2.5 concentrations obtained from 8 and 24 hrs were significantly different (p<0.05). Moreover, their concentrations were significantly higher on Chinese New Year than on other special occasions. In the case of NO 2 , the concentrations were not different among a variety of special occasions, but were higher than the values measured during the normal periods. Moreover, NO 2 concentrations were not found to be significantly different when the indoor and the outdoor values were compared. The values of PM 2.5 and NO 2 concentrations at both shrines were highest during the Chinese New Year. The main reason for this was clearly the number of visitors, which was related with the amount of incense being burned. Concentrations of NO 2 and PM 2.5 were well correlated (r = 0.580 -0.779) in every occasion. It can be concluded that the amount of incense being burned played a significant role in pollutant emissions and the indoor air quality.Index Terms-PM 2.5 , nitrogen dioxide, incense burning, indoor air quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Bootdee¹,

Chantara²

2014

IJESD

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“…Synthetic and natural biomaterials usage in combustion activities during religious and ritual performances has also been reported to be the major source of various VOCs with major constituents namely benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p_xylene and styrene (Dewangan et al, 2013). VOCs emission during incense burning and candle in temples has been described earlier (Lau et al, 1997;Jetter et al, 2002;Lee and Wang, 2004;Wang et al, 2007;Navasumrit, 2008;Derudi et al, 2012). VOCs concentration at emission plume of incense/ candle burning practices involved with temples located in different east-Asian countries were found to be: 870 ± 63 and 1260 ± 17 µg/m 3 in Hong Kong, 4508.8 ± 472.0 µg/m 3 (non-smoke incense), 6992.6 ± 1638.8 µg/m 3 (reduced smoke incense) 18474.0 ± 673.8 µg/m 3 (standard smoke incense) in Taiwan, 3810 µg/m 3 respectively (Madany and Crump, 1994;Wang et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor VOCs from Religious and Ritual Burning Practices in India

Pervez

Dewangan

Chakrabarty

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Measurements of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs), known as markers of emissions resulting from burning practices using natural-and synthetic biomaterials, have been carried out in major religious/ritual-indoors in India. Four different religious/ritual-indoors were selected for monitoring purposes: 1) Hindu Marriage Places (MP), 2) Muslim Holy Shrines (MG), 3) Buddhist Temples (BT), and 4) Hindu Temples (HT). One pure residential-indoor (RESID) site was also examined for comparison studies. Indoor VOCs sampling was carried out throughout the three seasons of summer, fall and winter of the calendar year of 2012-2013 in Raipur, India. VOCs samples, collected by passive sampling over a 48-h period, were analyzed using thermal desorption (TD), followed by high-resolution gas chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric detection (GC/MS). A total of 14 volatile organic compounds (n-hexane, cyclohexane, n-heptane, noctane, n-nonane, n-decane, n-undecane, styrene, o-xylene, m,p-xylene, 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene, ethylbenzene, benzene, and toluene.) were quantified. The annual mean concentrations for total VOCs (TVOCs) were 216. 61 ± 75.15, 656.34 ± 220.82, 681.75 ± 219.83, 129.51 ± 45.24 and 82.67 ± 40.96 µg/m 3 for MP, MG, BT, HT and RESID respectively. The results were found to be higher than the prescribed standards and earlier reported indoor VOCs levels. Indoor/outdoor ratios (I/O), correlation analyses, seasonal variations and indoor/outdoor contributions to the measured levels are also investigated.

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“…There are, at least, 30 types of PAHs are considered as carcinogens by IARC [3]. Chao and his colleagues also pointed out that PAHs from the products of incense burning may induce the human lung cancers [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Size Distribution of Aromatic Incense Burning Products

Lin¹,

Hsu²,

Su³

2015

IJESD

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Abstract-Aromatic incense burning, which is aimed to alleviate some psychological and physical disorders, in indoor settings has been popular globally, yet the resulting indoor air pollution and the potential hazards arisen from incense burning has usually been ignored by most people. To date, knowledge about aromatic incense burning and the potential adverse health effects are still limited. Whether the size distribution of particulate form of combustion products is determined by the fragrance of aromatic incense burning is not clear. Accordingly, the present study is aiming to explore the size distribution of the particulate products from aromatic incense burning. In this study, three kinds of aromatic incense (lavender, rose, aglaia) were combusted in a homemade chamber, the Marple cascade impactor was used to collect different size ranges of particles and other combustion-related pollutants. The results of the study indicated that most of the particles emitted were smaller than PM 2.5 , regardless the fragrance of aromatic incense. The major sizes fell within the range between 1.55μm and 0.93μm and lavender incense was found to have the greatest emission factor in this size range. Compared with the regular incenses, aromatic incense burning has smaller emission factor. This study concludes that the combustion products of these three fragrances of aromatic incense are mainly PM 2.5 and may pose adverse health effect when inhaled. Therefore, adequate ventilation is strongly suggested when aromatic incense is burning and moderate usage is advised. Moreover, future studies on other popular fragrances of incense and many more forms of aromatic products are warranted.Index Terms-Aromatic incense, particle size distribution, PM 2.5 .

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Potential health effects of exposure to carcinogenic compounds in incense smoke in temple workers

Cited by 95 publications

References 52 publications

Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Indoor VOCs from Religious and Ritual Burning Practices in India

Particle Size Distribution of Aromatic Incense Burning Products

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