Potential health risk of heavy metals in the leather manufacturing industries in Sialkot, Pakistan

Junaid, Muhammad; Hashmi, Muhammad Zaffar; Tang, Yong; Malik, Riffat Naseem; Pei, De‐Sheng

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09075-7

Cited by 60 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Potential ecological risk factor (PER) is a useful index for ecological risk assessments of heavy metals in sediment samples. ER is as follows 27,28 :…”

Section: Pollution Load Index (Pli)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution and contamination assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of Jazmurian playa in southeast Iran

Shirani

Afzali

Jahan

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

109

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Jazmurian playa was an ephemeral lake with a large catchment in southeast iran, which dried up over the last 10 years as a result of prolonged drought. As the lake was recipient of incoming industrial water with trace metals deposited to the sediment, the dust is the cause of environmental concern of the region and requires evaluation and better management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental and ecological pollution of Jazmurian playa. Hence, 24 collected surface sedimentary samples were analyzed with ICP-OES. The environmental pollution indices including degree of contamination (cd), geoaccumulation index (igeo), enrichment factor (ef), pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk (PER) were determined. The study revealed moderately to strongly pollution levels of pb, ni and Al, while Dy, pb, Y, Yb, Sm, te, U, cu, Mn, Sc represented moderate pollution. The EF values indicated four sites were highly enriched with Dy, Pb and Ni. The PER results showed high risk for four sites and considerable risk for others. Cluster analysis illustrated interconnection between the contaminants and the sites with major pollution at six sites. Obviously, climate change has considerable complex environmental impacts through transformation of local water and sediment pollution problem.

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“…Potential ecological risk factor (PER) is a useful index for ecological risk assessments of heavy metals in sediment samples. ER is as follows 27,28 :…”

Section: Pollution Load Index (Pli)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution and contamination assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of Jazmurian playa in southeast Iran

Shirani

Afzali

Jahan

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

109

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“…Despite the Leather industry having a substantial economic significance; toxic waste emissions as a result of leather tanning and processing have raised huge environmental concerns. Among the hazardous pollutants, Chromium is abundantly reported in the effluents discharged by leather industries due to excessive use of Chromium Sulphate [Cr (H 2 O) 5 (OH) SO 4 ] salts [11]. Trivalent chromium (Cr (III)) is a major tanning agent used in the leather industry and can have extremely toxic effects on both flora and fauna [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Aluminium Pillared Montmorillonite Clays of Pakistani Origin (Peshawar And Samwal) on the Adsorption of Chromium Ions in Aqueous Solutions

Ayub¹,

Chaudhry²

2021

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Adsorption of Chromium ions on Aluminium Pillared Interlayered Clays (Al-PILC) prepared from Bentonites originating from Pakistani sources of Peshawar and Samwal was investigated in a batch system. The raw clays were purified and chemically converted into Na-Bentonite. Pillaring procedure was performed on Na-Bentonite with pillaring oligomer solution to prepare Al-PILC. Both Raw and Al-PILC forms of Peshawar and Samwal clays were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) analysis before conducting adsorption studies. The effects of factors like adsorbent quantity, the concentration of adsorbate, pH and temperature were analyzed. Highly efficient adsorption of chromium ions in solution was achieved by Al-PILC. Based on the overall results of percentage removal of chromium ions in solution and in view of efficiency, simplicity, low cost, and reliability, Al-PILCs can provide a promising intervention for the elimination and control of environmental hazards associated with chromium pollution generated from leather industries in Pakistan.

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“…will be of profound application if the sensor design is reasonably priced and operated with a simple user interface. Cr(III) and Cr(VI) has been identified as group III and group I carcinogen respectively by the United States Environment Protection Agency and International Agency for Research on Cancer [2,7,8]. In plants, heavy metals entering the tissue release reactive oxide species (ROS), causing lipid membrane damage leading to impaired functioning of chlorophyll and photosynthetic activity stunting growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplexed Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) Ion by FET Sensor Array in a Liquid Medium

Shahim

Sukesan

Sarangadharan

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Chromium, one of the top five toxic heavy metals ranked according to significance in public health by WHO, exists as Cr(III) which is naturally occurring or Cr(VI) which is anthropogenic in origin. The EPA specifies the maximum contaminant level in drinking water to be 10−6 M or 0.1 mg/L or 100 ppb for the total dissolved Cr. To ensure the water consumed by the population has these pollutants below the safe threshold, this report demonstrates a field effect transistor (FET) based sensor design incorporating a highly target specific ion-selective membrane combined with extended gate technology which manifests sensitivity exceeding the Nernst limit aided by the high field effect in the short gap region of extended gate technology. Characterization and repeated testing of the portable device revealed a commendable calibration sensitivity of 99 mV/log [Cr3+] and 71 mV/log [Cr6+] for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) respectively, well surpassing the Nernst limits of sensitivity and offering a detection limit lower than ion-selective electrodes (10−6 M), and comparable to the expensive benchtop laboratory instrument, ICP-MS. This report presents a robust, easy to fabricate, economic and efficient handheld biosensor to detect the chromium in a liquid sample whether it exists as Cr(III) or Cr(VI).

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Potential health risk of heavy metals in the leather manufacturing industries in Sialkot, Pakistan

Cited by 60 publications

References 79 publications

Pollution and contamination assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of Jazmurian playa in southeast Iran

Pollution and contamination assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of Jazmurian playa in southeast Iran

Efficiency of Aluminium Pillared Montmorillonite Clays of Pakistani Origin (Peshawar And Samwal) on the Adsorption of Chromium Ions in Aqueous Solutions

Multiplexed Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) Ion by FET Sensor Array in a Liquid Medium

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