Potential impact of altitude on lung function

Wolf, Ch.; Staudenherz, Anton; Röggla, Georg; Waldhör, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s004200050123

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Accordingly, one may appropriate any number of studies to support either of the three interpretations drawn from our data: i.e., FEFs were unchanged at high altitude (Wolf et al. ; Pollard et al. ; Meysman et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…On the contrary, the effect of high-altitude exposure on the forced expiratory flows (FEFs) is less certain. For example, one may find evidence in the literature that FEFs are augmented (Shields et al 1968;Mansell et al 1980;Gautier et al 1982;Welsh et al 1993;Saldias et al 1995;Pollard et al 1996;Wolf et al 1996;Cogo et al 1997b;Cremona et al 2002;Deboeck et al 2005;Meysman et al 2005;Fasano et al 2007;Dehnert et al 2010;Lalande et al 2011;Bouzat et al 2013), unchanged (Wolf et al 1996;Pollard et al 1997;Meysman et al 2005;Basu et al 2007;Pellegrino et al 2010;Lalande et al 2011) or decreased at high altitude (Stockley and Green 1979;Saldias et al 1995;Cogo et al 1997a,b;Hashimoto et al 1997;Basu et al 2007) depending on the lung volume considered (i.e., peak vs. mid-expiratory flows, etc.). It is relevant to note that these studies differed on the bases of altitude exposure, subject demographics and history of high-altitude pulmonary edema, baseline pulmonary disease status, and location (i.e., hypobaric chamber vs. field-based expeditions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of thoracic gas compression and airflow density dependence on the assessment of pulmonary function at high altitude

et al. 2018

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The purpose of this report was to illustrate how thoracic gas compression (TGC) artifact, and differences in air density, may together conflate the interpretation of changes in the forced expiratory flows (FEFs) at high altitude (>2400 m). Twenty‐four adults (10 women; 44 ± 15 year) with normal baseline pulmonary function (>90% predicted) completed a 12‐day sojourn at Mt. Kilimanjaro. Participants were assessed at Moshi (Day 0, 853 m) and at Barafu Camp (Day 9, 4837 m). Typical maximal expiratory flow‐volume (MEFV) curves were obtained in accordance with ATS/ERS guidelines, and were either: (1) left unadjusted; (2) adjusted for TGC by constructing a “maximal perimeter” MEFV curve; or (3) adjusted for both TGC and differences in air density between altitudes. Forced vital capacity (FVC) was lower at Barafu compared with Moshi camp (5.19 ± 1.29 L vs. 5.40 ± 1.45 L, P < 0.05). Unadjusted data indicated no difference in the mid‐expiratory flows (FEF 25–75%) between altitudes (∆ + 0.03 ± 0.53 L sec−1; ∆ + 1.2 ± 11.9%). Conversely, TGC‐adjusted data revealed that FEF 25–75% was significantly improved by sojourning at high altitude (∆ + 0.58 ± 0.78 L sec−1; ∆ + 12.9 ± 16.5%, P < 0.05). Finally, when data were adjusted for TGC and air density, FEFs were “less than expected” due to the lower air density at Barafu compared with Moshi camp (∆–0.54 ± 0.68 L sec−1; ∆–10.9 ± 13.0%, P < 0.05), indicating a mild obstructive defect had developed on ascent to high altitude. These findings clearly demonstrate the influence that TGC artifact, and differences in air density, bear on flow‐volume data; consequently, it is imperative that future investigators adjust for, or at least acknowledge, these confounding factors when comparing FEFs between altitudes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of thoracic gas compression and airflow density dependence on the assessment of pulmonary function at high altitude

et al. 2018

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“…No study to date has investigated the acute responses of respiratory functions during and after an extreme mountain ultra‐endurance marathon. These information may be crucial because alterations in lung function play a significant role in morbidity and mortality related to altitude exposure and may worsen the severity of hypoxemia (Wolf et al., ). The present study provides evidence reasonably supporting the hypothesis that an extreme MUM has a negative impact on the lung function.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in lung function during an extreme mountain ultramarathon

Vernillo

Rinaldo

Giorgi

et al. 2014

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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This study aimed to assess the effects of an extreme mountain ultramarathon (MUM, 330 km, 24,000 D+) on lung function. Twenty-nine experienced male ultramarathon runners performed longitudinally [before (pre), during (mid), and immediately after (post) a MUM] a battery of pulmonary function tests. The tests included measurements of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, peak flow, inspiratory capacity, and maximum voluntary ventilation in 12 s (MVV12). A significant reduction in the running speed was observed (-43.0% between pre-mid and mid-post; P < 0.001). Expiratory function declined significantly at mid (P < 0.05) and at post (P < 0.05). A similar trend was observed for inspiratory function (P < 0.05). MVV12 declined at mid (P < 0.05) and further decreased at post (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there are significant negative correlations between performance time and MVV12 pre-race (R = -0.54, P = 0.02) as well as changes in MVV12 between pre- and post-race (R = -0.53, P = 0.009). It is concluded that during an extreme MUM, a continuous decline in pulmonary function was observed, likely attributable to the high levels of ventilation required during this MUM in a harsh mountainous environment.

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“…No obstante, llama la atención que, a diferencia de lo descrito por C. Wolf (20), los residentes de Bogotá no mostraron diferencias en los valores del FEF 25%-75% con respecto a los residentes del Valle del Cauca.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Además, se ha encontrado que la ubicación geográfica, la nutrición y la exposición ambiental influyen sobre la función pulmonar (4,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

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Valores de referencia para parámetros de espirometría en la población adulta residente en Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

Rojas

Dennis

2010

biomedica

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Nombre de la institución donde se llevó a cabo el trabajo:Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., ColombiaIntroducción. Los valores de referencia para parámetros de la función pulmonar aplicables a otras poblaciones, han mostrado ser poco válidos en la interpretación de las pruebas de función pulmonar en la población adulta residente en Bogotá. Objetivo. Identificar cuál de cuatro modelos de predicción generados en poblaciones con características étnicas similares a la población colombiana, es el más adecuado para utilizar en adultos de Bogotá. Materiales y métodos. Se reclutaron 534 sujetos de ambos sexos entre los 18 y los 65 años de edad, no fumadores, libres de alteraciones pulmonares, trabajadores de tres empresas privadas y residentes en Bogotá por más de cinco años. La función pulmonar se midió por curva de flujo volumen. Se estimaron las diferencias observadas entre valores predichos y observados, y se calcularon los límites por el método de Bland y Altman. Se aceptaron como válidos los modelos que presentaron un error de predicción promedio máximo de 5% del valor observado en cada parámetro. Resultados. Demostraron ser válidos en esta población los modelos: Crapo para capacidad vital forzada (CVF) en hombres; Pérez-Padilla, para CVF en mujeres y para la relación con el volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (VEF 1 /CVF) en ambos grupos y los de Hankinson para mexicano-americanos para todos los parámetros en ambos sexos. Conclusiones. Los modelos de Hankinson demostraron ser los más adecuados para predecir todos los parámetros de la espirometría; sin embargo, dejan un porcentaje de mala clasificación promedio de 7%. Se requiere generar modelos propios con mayor precisión pronóstica en la población de Bogotá.Palabras clave: estudios de validación, valores de referencia, pruebas de función respiratoria, modelos lineales, adulto, altitud. Reference values for respiratory parameters in the adult population of Bogotá, D.C., ColombiaIntroduction. Reference values for pulmonary function parameters, generally applicable to most populations, have shown little validity in the correct interpretation of pulmonary function tests when applied to the adult population in Bogotá. Objective. To identify which of four prediction models generated for use in populations of a similar ethnic background to that found in Colombia is the most accurate for use in adults in Bogotá. Materials and methods. 534 subjects (male and female) between 18 and 65 years of age were recruited from a pool of workers employed by three private Bogotá companies. All subjects had resided in Bogotá for at least five years before the initiation of the study. Smokers and those with altered pulmonary function were excluded. Pulmonary function parameters were measured by flow volume curve. The results were analyzed (specifically, the difference between predicted and observed values) and the limits were calculated using the Bland & Altman method. A maximum aver...

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Potential impact of altitude on lung function

Abstract: Altitude could be a variable influencing spirometric measurements.

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

The influence of thoracic gas compression and airflow density dependence on the assessment of pulmonary function at high altitude

The influence of thoracic gas compression and airflow density dependence on the assessment of pulmonary function at high altitude

Changes in lung function during an extreme mountain ultramarathon

Valores de referencia para parámetros de espirometría en la población adulta residente en Bogotá, D. C., Colombia

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