Potential Impact of the Current and Future Climate on the Yield, Quality, and Climate Suitability for Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Even though climate change is having an increasing impact on tea plants, systematic reviews on the impact of climate change on the tea system are scarce. This review was undertaken to assess and synthesize the knowledge around the impacts of current and future climate on yield, quality, and climate suitability for tea; the historical roots and the most influential papers on the aforementioned topics; and the key adaptation and mitigation strategies that are practiced in tea fields. Our findings show that a large number of studies have focused on the impact of climate change on tea quality, followed by tea yield, while a smaller number of studies have concentrated on climate suitability. Three pronounced reference peaks found in Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy (RYPS) represent the most significant papers associated with the yield, quality, and climate suitability for tea. Tea yield increases with elevated CO2 levels, but this increment could be substantially affected by an increasing temperature. Other climatic factors are uneven rainfall, extreme weather events, and climate-driven abiotic stressors. An altered climate presents both advantages and disadvantages for tea quality due to the uncertainty of the concentrations of biochemicals in tea leaves. Climate change creates losses, gains, and shifts of climate suitability for tea habitats. Further studies are required in order to fill the knowledge gaps identified through the present review, such as an investigation of the interaction between the tea plant and multiple environmental factors that mimic real-world conditions and then studies on its impact on the tea system, as well as the design of ensemble modeling approaches to predict climate suitability for tea. Finally, we outline multifaceted and evidence-based adaptive and mitigation strategies that can be implemented in tea fields to alleviate the undesirable impacts of climate change.

Color Shade Nets Affect Plant Growth and Seasonal Leaf Quality of Camellia sinensis Grown in Mississippi, the United States

“…Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis) is the botanical source of various tea products for thousands of years (17). Tea is an ancient plant originated from southwestern China about 5,000 years ago (18). It is a broad-leaved perennial evergreen tree or shrub, adapted to tropical to subtropical climates.…”

“…Tea is the most popular beverage, second only to water, with world total production of 6.49 million tons harvested from over 5 million ha across 47 countries in 2019 (23). Leading tea producing countries including China, India, and Kenya produce over 70% of the total world tea (18,23). The United States is the third largest tea importer in the world with Americans consuming over 14 billion liters of tea in 2020 (24).…”

Water-Soluble Melanoidin Pigment as a New Antioxidant Component of Fermented Willowherb Leaves (Epilobium angustifolium)

“…Among the functional drinks obtained from fermented plants, the most famous are those using Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (Theaceae) to create teas with a wide range of fermentation [ 8 , 9 ]. The most fermented product, black tea, is the most popular functional drink along with green tea.…”

Growth and yield estimation of banana through mathematical modelling: a systematic review

“…No previous studies have specifically (Jayasinghe and Kumar, 2021) addressed the modelling of fibre yield of the banana plant according to our review results. However, many efforts have been made to predict the tensile strength ( n = 14) and other mechanical properties ( n = 4) of banana fibre (Fig.…”

“…The systematic review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items guidelines for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement (Moher et al ., 2010; Jayasinghe and Kumar, 2021). We primarily employed the Scopus database to search related studies.…”