Cell culture technology refers to the
in vitro
processes employed for the growth of mammalian, insect, or plant cells to manufacture biochemicals of commercial importance. Cell culture products, typically therapeutics or medical diagnostics, are regulated by the FDA. The market for cell culture‐derived products is growing and is expected to continue to grow into the twenty‐first century.The technology involved in cell growth is often dependent on cell line type. Hybridoma cells, used for the production of monoclonal antibodies, can be grown in suspension cultures in a manner similar to that used in microbial fermentation. Other cell systems require microcarriers or supports. All of these cells have higher shear sensitivity than microbial cells. Both batch and continuous processes, cell growth kinetics, cell aeration, growth media, product isolation, and purification are discussed, as are safety regulations and standards.