Potential of green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles for enhancing seedling emergence, vigor and tolerance indices and DPPH free radical scavenging in two varieties of soybean under salinity stress

Abstract

Background Considering titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) role in plant growth and especially in plant tolerance against abiotic stress, in the present work, TiO2 NPs were green synthesized using an aqueous solution of Aloe vera leaf extract as a capping agent and titanium tetrachloride as a precursor. These green synthesized TiO2 NPs were characterized using different techniques: UV spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results revealed that synthesized TiO2 NPs possess a tetragonal morphology with a size ranging from 10 to 25 nm. Additionally, the present work evaluated the effects of three concentrations of TiO2 NPs (0, 30 and 50 ppm) and six NaCl concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) and their interactions with respect to germination parameters, vigor indices, oxidative stress and DPPH free radical scavenging of two varieties of soybean (Glycine max L. var. 22 and 35). Results Results demonstrated that all germination traits and vigor indices were negatively affected under all salinity levels. Also, the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased by increasing the NaCl concentrations in two soybean varieties. Most interestingly, TiO2 NPs (30 ppm) mediated positive effects on germination parameters, reducing H2O2 and MDA contents by enhancing antioxidant (decreasing IC50) whereas 50 ppm showed an intermediate response under both control and saline soil conditions. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the growth enhancement effects of TiO2 NPs application as well as its ameliorative potential in dealing with salinity.

Alleviation of the adverse effects of NaCl stress on tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by Trichoderma viride through the antioxidative defense system

“…Additionally, salinity slows down ultimate germination over time relative to control by reducing the water potential of the germination substrate and lengthening the time it takes for seeds to germinate (Ayers 1952 ; Cuartero and Ferandez-Munoz 1998 ). Similar findings were made by Tanveer et al ( 2020 ), who discovered that salinity reduced the proportion of seeds that germinated because it causes low water and nutrient uptake, which has an impact on seedling germination and development (AL-Mutawa 2003 ; Rawat et al 2013 ; Abdulla et al 2022 ).…”

“…Salinity is one of these abiotic stressors that prevents plants from growing (Abdelhameed and Metwally 2018 ; Dief et al 2021 ; Abdelhameed et al 2021 ; Abdalla et al 2022 ). Universally and also in Egypt, large areas of land were out of cultivation due to salt accumulation (Moghazy and Kaluarachchi 2020 ).…”

“…Plants undergo dehydration, nutritional disorders, oxidative stress, membrane instability, and decreases in metabolic and photosynthetic activity in saline soil (Metwally and Abdelhameed 2018 ; Zhang et al 2019a ; Abdelhameed et al 2021 ). Salinity also inhibits the intake of water and causes a hazardous accumulation of Na + and Cl − in the cytosol and other cell organelles (Tavakkoli et al 2010 ; Abdalla et al 2022 ). To lessen the detrimental consequences of salt stress, significant efforts have been made to develop salt-tolerant plant genotypes by conventional breeding or genetic engineering.…”

In vivo and In vitro evaluation of the antifungal activity of the PGPR Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 (MZ945930) against Alternaria alternata with growth promotion influences on Capsicum annuum L. plants

“…The mobility of proteins, receptors, enzymes, and membrane ion channels is disturbed by the lipid peroxidation brought on by pathogenic stress [103]. As MDA is the marker for lipid peroxidation released from the cellular membranes of tissues and is formed by the reaction of ROS (H 2 O 2 or/and O −2 ) with lipid molecules, the elevated concentration of ROS in the cellular system positively correlates with the oxidative changes affecting MDA content [92,[104][105][106][107]. According to our findings, A. alternata-induced leaf spot/blight resulted in a significant increase in the amount of lipid peroxidation produced in infected pepper plant leaves, followed by pepper plants infected with A. alternata and treated with Thiram fungicide and B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 treated samples over control plants (Fig.…”

“…The IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) value was calculated to determine the concentration of the sample required to inhibit 50% of the radical [107].…”