Potential of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) for bioenergy production in Canada: Status, challenges and outlook

Parvez, Ashak Mahmud; Lewis, J. D.; Afzal, Muhammad T.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2021.110784

Cited by 85 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Elemental analysis (CHNS-O): Results from CHNS-O analysis are presented in Table 1 . As can be seen, the results agree with literature reporting the elemental analysis of naturally grown hemp 3 . In vitro production of Cannabis sativa s howed only minor changes in elemental composition.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Mahmud Parvez et al, 2021 compared industrial hemp's chemical composition and properties with some widely used energy crops such as spruce bark, spruce wood, willow, cereals, miscanthus, grass, and algae. Industrial hemp had lower lignin content (average 6.6 wt.%), while containing a similar carbon (48 wt.%), oxygen (43 wt.%), and hydrogen composition (6 wt.%) to selected biomass feedstocks 3 . This unique composition of industrial hemp is promising but remains insufficient to compete with fossil-fuel-based energies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together with a finite amount of fossil fuels, this challenge encourages investigations surrounding the use of alternative energy sources that do not interfere with food security 2 . The EU's latest goal is to mandate many countries to reduce fossil fuel consumption and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions to less than 2°C 3 . This transformation requires economic and technical innovations based on leading scientific practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro plant tissue culture as the fifth generation of bioenergy

Norouzi

Hesami

Pepe

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Developing and applying a novel and sustainable energy crop is essential to reach an efficient and economically feasible technology for bioenergy production. In this study, plant tissue culture, also referred to as in vitro culture, is introduced as one of the most promising and environmentally friendly methods for the sustainable supply of biofuels. The current study investigates the potential of in vitro -grown industrial hemp calli obtained from leaf, root, and stem explants as a new generation of energy crop. For this purpose, the in vitro grown explants were first fully characterized in terms of elemental and chemical composition. Secondly, HTL experiments were designed by Design Expert 11 with a particular focus on biocrude. Finally, the chemical components, functional groups, and petroleum-like hydrocarbons present in the biocrude were identified by PY-GCMS. A 22.61 wt.% biocrude was produced for the sample grown through callogenesis of the leaf (CL). The obtained biocrude for CL consisted of 19.55% acids, 0.42% N compounds, 15.44% ketones, 16.03% aldehydes, 2.21% furans, 20.01% aromatics, 5.2% alcohols, and 19.88% hydrocarbons. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report that in vitro -grown biomass is hydrothermally liquefied toward biocrude production; the current work paves the way for integrating plant tissue culture and thermochemical processes for the generation of biofuels and value-added chemicals.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro plant tissue culture as the fifth generation of bioenergy

Norouzi

Hesami

Pepe

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, agronomical practices, such as harvesting period, have been shown to impact hemp's combustion-related fuel properties [4]. In a recent review, Parvez et al [5] identified a lack of research on the thermochemical conversion of industrial hemp as a major challenge that prevents the wide use of hemp as fuel materials. Indeed, some technical challenges linked with the intrinsic properties of raw biomass hinder their direct use in energy production systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Hemp Stalk Waste Through Thermochemical Conversion for Energy and Electrical Applications

Marrot

Candelier

Valette

et al. 2021

Waste Biomass Valor

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The presented research aimed at finding new ways to value hemp by-products (stalks) from the cannabidiol industry through thermochemical conversion. Chemical and elemental composition of hemp biomass was investigated by successive chemical extractions and Scanning Electron Microscopy along with Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. Proximate and elemental analyses completed the chemical characterization of the hemp biomass and its biochar. Thermogravimetric analysis of the hemp biomass allowed to understand its kinetic of decomposition during thermal conversion. The carbon structure and porosity of the biochar were assessed by Raman spectroscopy and CO2 gas adsorption. Properties of interest were the energy production measured through calorific values, and the electrical conductivity. Two ways of valorisation of the hemp biomass were clearly identified, depending mainly on the chosen pyrolysis temperature. Hemp biochar carbonized at 400–600°C were classified as lignocellulosic materials with a good potential for solid biofuel applications. Specifically, the resulting carbonized biochar presented low moisture content (below 2.50%) favourable for high fuel quality, low volatile matter (27.1–10.4%) likely to show lower particle matter emissions, limited ash content (6.8–9.8%) resulting in low risk of fouling issues during the combustion, high carbon content (73.8–86.8%) suggesting strong energy density, associated with high higher heating values (28.45–30.95 MJ kg−1). Hemp biochar carbonized at 800–1000 °C displayed interesting electrical conductivity, opening opportunities for its use in electrical purposes. The electrical conductivity was related to the evolution of the biochar microstructure (development of graphite-like structure and changes in microporosity) in regard with the thermochemical conversion process parameters. Graphical abstract

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“…On one hand, as one of the widespread agricultural wastes in China, , RH contains low volatile matter and high lignin content. On the other hand, as a versatile crop waste in China that produces the most industrial hemp in the world, HS contains high volatile matter and low ash content. Overall, the pyrolysis characteristic and E a were different during the monopyrolysis of individual RH and HS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effects on the Co-pyrolysis of Agricultural Wastes and Sewage Sludge at Various Ratios

Chen

Jian

2021

ACS Omega

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This study investigated the co-pyrolysis of blends of sewage sludge (SS) with rice husk (RH) and with hemp straw (HS) at different ratios by using thermogravimetry (TG) and its rate (DTG, derivative TG) analysis at heating rates of 10, 20, and 30 K/min. The resulting kinetic parameters of activation energy (E a ) were calculated by both Flynn−Wall−Ozawa and Kissinger−Akahira−Sunose models, followed by comparison of experimental values with calculated values to reveal the synergistic effects of SS/RH and SS/HS. With increasing additions of RH or HS to SS, a gradual decreasing trend in the experimental pyrolysis temperature range was evident, ranging from 144.5 to 95.2 °C for SS/RH and from 144.5 to 88.8 °C for SS/RH. Moreover, such temperature ranges were 6.7−20.4 °C less than the calculated values at the same blending ratio. The fitting results of the two kinetic models showed that with the same SS mass ratio, the experimental E a * (average activation energy) of both SS/RH and SS/HS were less than the calculated E a *. Especially, the experimental E a * of 7SS−3RH was lower around 43.8% than the calculated E a *, whereas the experimental E a * of 3SS−7HS was lower by about 39.4% than the calculated E a *. Synergistic analysis demonstrated that the co-pyrolysis of RH or HS with SS at various mass ratios presented obvious synergistic effects and then the decrease of E a . The mechanism experiment showed that the co-pyrolysis of SS/HS may promote the decrease of E a by changing the co-pyrolysis gas products or by increasing the overflow of volatile matter and then forming intermediate transition products, while SS/RH may accelerate the decrease of the E a by using an appropriate K addition ratio from RH as a metal catalyst.

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Potential of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) for bioenergy production in Canada: Status, challenges and outlook

Cited by 85 publications

References 101 publications

In vitro plant tissue culture as the fifth generation of bioenergy

In vitro plant tissue culture as the fifth generation of bioenergy

Valorization of Hemp Stalk Waste Through Thermochemical Conversion for Energy and Electrical Applications

Synergistic Effects on the Co-pyrolysis of Agricultural Wastes and Sewage Sludge at Various Ratios

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