Potential of Industrial Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill) By-Products as Aromatic and Antioxidant Sources

Abstract

Pineapple is meanly commercially processed. However, it is a fruit that generates a high proportion of nonedible wastes, which are rich in antioxidant compounds and have a varied aromatic profile. These characteristics turn these by-products into potential agri-food waste that can be revalued and applied in different fields such as medical, pharmaceutical, or food applications. The aim of the present work was the characterization and extraction of the volatile compounds present in two pineapple by-products (peel and core) and the subsequent evaluation of their antioxidant capacity. For this purpose, the analysis of the aromatic profile of both by-products has been carried out using the headspace solid-phase microextraction technique coupled to gas chromatography with a mass spectrometry detector (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The optimization of the extraction conditions of the volatile compounds has been validated using a Box–Behnken experimental design. In addition, a quantitative analysis was carried out to determine the contents of two important volatiles in pineapple wastes, isopentyl, and ethyl acetate. Moreover, the estimation of the antioxidant capacity of the subproducts extracts was carried out using different methods All the antioxidant assays demonstrated that pineapple subproducts are rich in easily extractable antioxidants with possible applications in the food industry.

Encapsulation of Pineapple Peel Extracts by Ionotropic Gelation Using Corn Starch, Weissella confusa Exopolysaccharide, and Sodium Alginate as Wall Materials

“…The values found were higher than those reported by Samarakoon and Rajapakse (2022) [50], who obtained methanolic extract of a pineapple peel to analyze its potential as a natural source in sun protection cosmeceutical products, reporting 0.208 mg GAE/g dry weight. Likewise, it was higher than that indicated by Valdés García et al (2021) [51], who evaluated the antioxidant activity in pineapple peels using methanol as a solvent, showing values between 15 and 41 mg GAE/100 g sample. Regarding DPPH, the values were similar, with 138-243 µm Regarding soluble solids, these increases after ripening and changing depend on the maturity stage of the fruit.…”

Production of Vanillin from Pineapple Peels Using Alkaline Hydrolysis and Microbial Fermentation

“…There is a strong demand for both fresh pineapples and pineapple products, including pineapple pulp, juice, and canned pineapple, which can be marketed all around the world [10]. Aside from that, according to [11], pineapple is quite possibly one of the most widely cultivated fruits, with the majority coming from Malaysia, India, Brazil, Thailand, and the Philippines.…”

Fruit By-Products and Their Industrial Applications for Nutritional Benefits and Health Promotion: A Comprehensive Review

“…There have been few studies on bioactive polyphenols derived from pineapple residues. Bioactive polyphenols of pineapple by-products include myricetin, salicylic acid, tannic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, and p-coumaric acid, which were discovered in a high dietary fiber powder made from pineapple shell, which is a by-product, and these compounds have been reported to be potent antioxidants [72,113]. Polyphenols found in pineapple wastes, such as ferulic acid and syringic acid, have been shown to have antioxidant and antimicrobial activity [72].…”