Potential of Miana Leaf Extract as Expectorant (Profile Place of Growing, Antioxidant, Sputum Contaminants, Antibacterial, MIC, MKC Expectorant)

Abstract

Research has been conducted on the treatment of phlegm cough with miana leaf extract in vitro (effective dose of miana leaf extract as an expectorant and antibacterial agent causing cough with phlegm). The study aims to compare the antioxidant activity of miana leaves from 3 locations where it grows, determine the types of contaminant bacteria in the sputum of cough sufferers, determine the minimum value of inhibitor concentration (MIC) and MKC of miana leaves against the test bacteria causing cough with phlegm, determine the effective dose of miana leaves that can used as a reference for coughing up phlegm and proving the potential of miana leaves as a sputum thinner. Miana leaf extraction is done by the juicer method. Antioxidant activity testing uses the DPPH method. Determination of test bacteria is done by isolating and identifying contaminant bacteria in the sputum sample of cough with phlegm. Testing the effectiveness of miana leaves against test bacteria is determined by the liquid dilution method. Expectorant activity testing was determined by measuring the viscosity of mucus viscosity of cow intestine treated with miana leaf extract. The results found that antioxidant activity was influenced by the location where miana leaves grew with an antioxidant potential of IC72 0.072 mg/ml - 0.76 mg/ml. Contaminant bacteria from sputum samples of cough patients are Streptococcus pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterobacter agglomerans. MIC values for contaminant bacteria are 0.1% - 0.75% and MKC values are found between 0.25% - 1.75%. miana leaf extract has the potential as a sputum thinner at a concentration of 0.01% - 0.1%. The recommended dose of miana leaf extract as a cough with phlegm is 1.75% w/v.

Potential Use of Jerangau Rhizome (Acorus calamus L.) as an Antibacterial Agent for Streptococcus pneumoniae

“…If the active substance contained in the test material is sufficient in quantity and is antibacterial, a growth inhibition zone will form around it in the form of a clear area where bacteria do not grow. The testing of herbal extracts against Streptococcus pneumoniae has also been tested using miana leaf extract either alone or in combination [23][24][25][26]; bitter melon [27]; tamarind fruit [28]; basil [29] and bay leaf [30]. All the results of this research used the same method as this research, namely agar diffusion using the paper disc or well technique.…”

Article Review: Herbs for Common Cold Treatment

“…It supposed that saponins contain surfactants act as mucolytic by lower the surface tension of mucus. 20 The toxicity testing of "miana" leaves was carried out in vivo with ethanol solvent and the LD50 value was 9757.14 mg/kgBW and is included in the category of practically non-toxic. 32 4.…”