Potential of Oyster Mushrooms for the Biocontrol of Sugar Beet Nematode (Heterodera Schachtii)

Abstract

Potential of Oyster Mushrooms for the Biocontrol of Sugar Beet Nematode (Heterodera Schachtii)The potential of oyster mushrooms to attack and kill sugar beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii) was studied. The ability ofPleurotus ostreatus, P. sajor-caju, P. florida, P. flabellatus, P. ostreatus(sporeless),P. eryngiiandHypsizygus ulmariusto prey on the cyst nematode was confirmed. Nematodes were inoculated on water agar plates on which a single sparse fungal colony of one of the above mentioned fungi was grown. Nematodes were quickly immobilized after inoculation the plates with eachPleurotusspecies, with mortality of about 96%, 72%, 55%, 52%, 20%, 23% and 62%, respectively. Nematicidal activities of culture filtrates ofPleurotusspecies andH. ulmariusagainstH. schachtiiwere also studiedin vitro.Extracts ofP. ostreatuscould paralyse 90% of nematodes whereasP. eryngiicould paralyse only 50% of nematodes. The efficacy of old mushroom compost from cultures ofP. ostreatusandP. sajor-cajuin controlling cysts on sugar beet (Beta vulgarisICI) were studied under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that 100 and 200 grams of mushroom compost per 3 kilogram/pot could significantly control cysts, reducing more than 85% cysts in soil. Presence of cysts on the roots and larvae inside roots were compared with the control treatment.

Potential of Pleurotus sajor-caju compost for controlling Meloidogyne incognita and improve nutritional status of tomato plants

“…Direct incorporation of MC into the soil could ensure direct contact of the mushroom mycelia with nematodes. Palizi, et al [57] reported that direct incorporation of oyster mushroom compost into the soil at 3% (w/w) suppressed more than 85% of sugar beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii) cysts under ield conditions. On the other hand, Ching and Wang, et al [58] reported that direct MC amendment did not suppress M. incognita on basil roots in the sandy soil.…”

Predatory Activity of the Fungus Pleurotus eryngii on Ancylostoma caninum Infective Larvae

“…They showed that 11 species of fungi belonging to the order Agaricales, including Pleurotus ostreatus, have the ability to kill root-knot nematodes. Palizi et al [14] reported that this species reduced the formation of cysts from the nematode Heterodera schachtii and Marino and Silva [15], deduced that the use of Pleurotus ostreatus reduces the number of root-knot nematodes and egg mass of Meloidogyne incognita.…”

The potential of Spent Substrate of Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) dan Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mushrooms to Control Damping-off Disease (Rhizoctonia solani) in Tomato

“…Limbah media jamur kancing (Agaricus bisporus) dilaporkan dapat menekan penyakit rebah semai pada seledri yang disebabkan oleh Phytophthora drechsleri (Goonani et al, 2011). Kompos bekas media jamur Tiram P. ostreatus dan P. sajor-caju dapat menekan jumlah sista Heterodera schachtii pada tanaman gula bit (Palizi et al, 2009). Limbah media jamur Hericium erinaceus dapat menekan penyakit layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum pada tanaman tomat (Kwak et al, 2015).…”