The response of wheat plants to different osmotic stress levels varied among the different organs root, shoot and spike and the situation of these organs with application of two Cu ++ levels 5 mM and 25 mM as CuSO 4 . The sensitivity of root organ was related with reduction in fresh, dry matter and length. This resulted from reduction of soluble sugar reflected a reduction in water uptake and K + content of the cell sap. In the moderate organ spike, the reduction in fresh, dry matter and length were concomitant with the accumulation of soluble sugar and a huge accumulation of soluble protein. In the higher organ shoot, this related with more water uptake which in turn induced an accumulation of soluble protein and cofactor K + content. It can be recorded that shoot was higher Na + accumulation than root and spike. Data also showed further stimulatory effect on growth parameters by Cu ++ applications with either concentration (7.5 mM or 25 mM). Irrigating the soil with either 7.5 or 25 mM CuSO 4 induced a huge accumulation in soluble sugar, soluble protein and nitrate reductase. Cupper treatment with either concentration 7.5 mM or 25 mM induced a marked decrease in Na + content at all OSL and has no significant change in the accumulation of K + in both shoot and spike whereas induced a huge accumulation in root organ. The synthesis of protein bands with molecular weight 32.3 KDa at −1.5 MPa NaCl level treated with either 7.5 mM or 25 mM Cu ++ concentrations was induced. Also the appearance of protein band with molecular weight 37KDa induced only at Cu ++ treatments with 25 mM concentration in both control and under different osmotic levels (0.0, −0.3 MPa, −0.9 MPa, −1.5 MPa NaCl).

Phaseolus vulgaris L. are salt-sensitive plants in all growth phases. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the benefit impacts of magnetized water (MW) alone or combined with soil amendment by agricultural gypsum and plant inoculation with vesicular arbuscular micorrhyzal fungi (AMF) on growth (plant height, dry weight and leaf area), relative water content (RWC%), water retention capacity (WRC), salt tolerance index (STI%), foliage mineral contents (N, P, K, Ca and Na), (K + +Ca 2+)/Na + ratio and yield components (number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100seeds weight, seed yield/feddan and harvest index%) of dry bean cv. Nebraska grown under salinity conditions. The study was conducted in Dakahlia Governorate at the northeastern of the Delta Egypt during summer seasons of 2019 and 2020. A split plot design with three replicates was used. Salinity significantly reduced all traits, particularly seed yield (around 53.9% losses), except Na%. Magnetized water (MW) and soil amendments sole or in combination had a tendency to increase all studied parameters, except Na%. Moreover, a negative relationship was observed between foliage Na content and seed yield, whereas a positive one was observed between salt tolerance index% and (K + +Ca 2+)/Na + ratio which were more reliable in selection criterion in bean plant. Overall, the treatment of magnetized water + gypsum + micorrhyzae is a very important management tool in common bean production in the clay and intermediate salinity soils of northern Delta of Egypt.

How to cite this article: Mostafa DM, Awd Allah SFA, Awad-Allah EFA. Potential of Pleurotus sajor-caju compost for controlling Meloidogyne incognita and improve nutritional status of tomato plants.

This investigation was aimed to study the effects of interaction of apex removal (topping) treatments at varying interval leaf stages (4, 5 and 6 th leaf stage) and application of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) at different rates (0, 20 and 40 mg/L) on growth, flowering characters, yield and its components of husk tomato (Physalis pruinosa, L.) cultivar Balady. The obtained results showed that topping at 4 , 5 and 6 th leaf stage stimulated growth of basal branches and increased number of flowers which were achieved at the early yield, likewise, application of GA 3 either at 20 or 40 mg/L overcame the delaying effect of topping on flowering and at the same time enhanced growth of basal branches. In conclusion total yield increased, by 4th leaf stage of topping under 40 mg/L of GA 3 combination, which sassociated with increased number and average weight of fruits.

Pseudomonas fluorescens is one of plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) members which has a major role in the biological control of bacterial and fungal pathogens. A research was