Abstract:Purpose
This study aimed to provide new biomarkers for predicting the disease course of COVID-19 by analyzing the dynamic changes of microRNA (miRNA) and its target gene expression in the serum of COVID-19 patients at different stages.
Methods
Serum samples were collected from all COVID-19 patients at three time points: the acute stage, the turn-negative stage, and the recovery stage. The expression level of miRNA and the target mRNA was measured by Quantitative Real-Ti… Show more
“…Collected data showed that of these, most of the studies were published during the year 2021 ( n = 16), 53–68 followed by 2022 ( n = 15), 69–83 with the least numbers in the year 2020 ( n = 4) 53,84–87 (Figure 2a). Although the selected studies were published globally, most of them were reported from China ( n = 8), followed by Italy ( n = 7), Spain ( n = 4), and USA ( n = 3).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Table represents the summary of the total number of reported miRNAs in different COVID‐19 severity stages. It should be noted that most of the groups included in this network were reported in only one or two studies: S/MO vs C, 69 S vs MO, 73,86 MO vs C, 86 SR vs DS, 77 SC vs MM, 61 S vs MO vs MI, 78 MO vs MI, 73 S vs MI, 60,75,78,82 S/MI vs C, 84 RE vs Inf 81 ) except “Inf vs C” and “S vs C”. Initially, this network contained 71 miRNAs from 23 studies.…”
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for coronavirus disease of 2019 that infected more than 760 million people worldwide with over 6.8 million deaths to date. COVID-19 is one of the most challenging diseases of our times due to the nature of its spread, its effect on multiple organs, and an inability to predict disease prognosis, ranging from being completely asymptomatic to death. Upon infection, SARS-CoV-2 alters the host immune response by changing host-transcriptional machinery. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regarded as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that can be perturbed by invading viruses. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have reported such dysregulation of host miRNA expression upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some of this could occur as an anti-viral response of the host to the viral infection. Viruses themselves can counteract that response by mounting their own pro-viral response that facilitates virus infection, an aspect which may cause pathogenesis. Thus, miRNAs could serve as possible disease biomarkers in infected people. In the current review, we have summarised and analysed the existing data about miRNA dysregulation in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 to determine their concordance between studies, and identified those that could serve as potential biomarkers during infection, disease progression, and death, even in people with other comorbidities. Having such biomarkers can be vital in not only predicting prognosis, but also the development of novel miRNA-based anti-virals and Abbreviations: 3 0 UTR, 3 0 untranslated regions; 5 0 UTR, 5 0
“…Collected data showed that of these, most of the studies were published during the year 2021 ( n = 16), 53–68 followed by 2022 ( n = 15), 69–83 with the least numbers in the year 2020 ( n = 4) 53,84–87 (Figure 2a). Although the selected studies were published globally, most of them were reported from China ( n = 8), followed by Italy ( n = 7), Spain ( n = 4), and USA ( n = 3).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Table represents the summary of the total number of reported miRNAs in different COVID‐19 severity stages. It should be noted that most of the groups included in this network were reported in only one or two studies: S/MO vs C, 69 S vs MO, 73,86 MO vs C, 86 SR vs DS, 77 SC vs MM, 61 S vs MO vs MI, 78 MO vs MI, 73 S vs MI, 60,75,78,82 S/MI vs C, 84 RE vs Inf 81 ) except “Inf vs C” and “S vs C”. Initially, this network contained 71 miRNAs from 23 studies.…”
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for coronavirus disease of 2019 that infected more than 760 million people worldwide with over 6.8 million deaths to date. COVID-19 is one of the most challenging diseases of our times due to the nature of its spread, its effect on multiple organs, and an inability to predict disease prognosis, ranging from being completely asymptomatic to death. Upon infection, SARS-CoV-2 alters the host immune response by changing host-transcriptional machinery. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regarded as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that can be perturbed by invading viruses. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have reported such dysregulation of host miRNA expression upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some of this could occur as an anti-viral response of the host to the viral infection. Viruses themselves can counteract that response by mounting their own pro-viral response that facilitates virus infection, an aspect which may cause pathogenesis. Thus, miRNAs could serve as possible disease biomarkers in infected people. In the current review, we have summarised and analysed the existing data about miRNA dysregulation in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 to determine their concordance between studies, and identified those that could serve as potential biomarkers during infection, disease progression, and death, even in people with other comorbidities. Having such biomarkers can be vital in not only predicting prognosis, but also the development of novel miRNA-based anti-virals and Abbreviations: 3 0 UTR, 3 0 untranslated regions; 5 0 UTR, 5 0
“… [ 116 ] miR-28-3p In vitro 293 T cells Disintegrin and ADAM17 Exerts its function on both cell viability and cell apoptosis (Inhibit miR-28-3p expression inhibited cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis during S-protein treatment) [ 117 ] miR-31, miR-29, miR-126, and miR-17 Bioinformatics In vitro Human serum samples ZMYM5, COL5A3, and CAMSAP1 These miRNAs have been down-regulated and the levels of their mRNA targets have been enhanced with the increase of disease grade [ 118 ] miR-148a In vitro HEK-293T and CHME3 USP33, IRF9, TNFα, NF-κB, and IFN-β Activate human microglia [ 119 ] let7b‐5p In vitro Naso‐oropharyngeal swabs and ATCC ACE2 and DPP4 Participates in the mechanisms of acquiring the virulence of the virus and perform as a therapeutic target for COVID‐19 [ 120 ] miR-125b-5p and miR-155-5p In vitro Human serum samples CDH5, STAT3, and TRIM32 Participates in the mechanisms of acquiring the virulence of the virus. Could be useful a novel potential biomarkers to predict the time nodes of the acute, turn-negative, and recovery stages of virus [ 121 ] miR-32-5p, miR-98-3p, miR-423-3p, and miR-1246 Bioinformatics In vitro Human serum samples ACE2 and RAB14 Could be taken as potential biomarkers of COVID-19 progression as well as candidates for future therapeutic approaches. Relates to viral infection, inflammatory response, and coagulation-related processes [ 122 ] miR-29a-3p RNA-Seq analysis In vitro …”
Section: Genetic Markers Of Severe Covid-19mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These data provide a molecular explanation for the resistance of monocytes to COVID-19 infection and support the notion that innate immunity mediated by intracellular miRNAs may play a significant role in protecting cells of the immune system from COVID-19 infection. A brief summary of the major miRNAs and their regulatory effects involving signal pathways of COVID-19 mechanism is shown in Table 1 [ [115] , [116] , [117] , [118] , [119] , [120] , [121] , [122] , [123] , [124] ]. Fig.…”
“…The basic characteristics of the 16 [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] included articles are shown in Table 1. All of them were case-control studies.…”
Section: Basic Characteristics and Quality Of The Literaturementioning
Objective
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Many studies in China and abroad have reported an association between the expression level of microRNA-155 and CAD; however, the results remain controversial. We aimed to comprehensively investigate this association based on a meta-analysis.
Methods
We first systematically searched eight Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library, to identify studies concerning the relationship between microRNA-155 levels and CAD published before February 7, 2021. The quality of the literature was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the standard mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
Sixteen articles with a total of 2069 patients with CAD and 1338 controls were included. All the articles were of high quality according to the NOS. The meta-analysis showed that the mean level of microRNA-155 was significantly lower in patients with CAD than in controls. Based on subgroup analyses, the level of microRNA-155 in the plasma of CAD patients and in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients was significantly lower than that in controls, whereas this level in CAD patients with mild stenosis was significantly higher than that in controls.
Conclusion
Our study indicates that the expression level of circulating microRNA-155 in patients with CAD is lower than that in a non-CAD group, suggesting a new possible reference index for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with CAD.
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