Potential ProbioticEscherichia coli16 Harboring theVitreoscillaHemoglobin Gene Improves Gastrointestinal Tract Colonization and Ameliorates Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Abstract

The present study describes the beneficial effects of potential probiotic E. coli 16 (pUC8:16gfp) expressing Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vgb) gene, associated with bacterial respiration under microaerobic condition, on gastrointestinal (GI) colonization and its antioxidant activity on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced toxicity in Charles Foster rats. In vitro, catalase activity in E. coli 16 (pUC8:16gfp) was 1.8 times higher compared to E. coli 16 (pUC-gfp) control. In vivo, E. coli 16 (pUC8:16gfp) not only was recovered in the fecal matter after 70 days of oral administration but also retained antibacterial activities, whereas E. coli 16 (pUC-gfp) was not detected. Oral administration of 200 and 500 μL/kg body weight of CCl4 to rats at weekly interval resulted in elevated serum glutamyl pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamyl oxalacetate transaminase (SGOT) levels compared to controls. Rats prefed with E. coli 16 (pUC8:16gfp) demonstrated near to normal levels for SGPT and SGOT, whereas the liver homogenate catalase activity was significantly increased compared to CCl4 treated rats. Thus, pUC8:16gfp plasmid encoding vgb improved the growth and GI tract colonization of E. coli 16. In addition, it also enhanced catalase activity in rats harboring E. coli 16 (pUC8:16gfp), thereby preventing the absorption of CCl4 to GI tract.

Examining transmission of gut bacteria to preserved carcass via anal secretions in Nicrophorus defodiens

“…have previously been detected in the digestive tract of burying beetles and on prepared carcasses [18,23,40] and are also known to produce a variety of antibacterial substances [48,49]. Vitreoscilla spp., which have also been found previously on carcasses prepared by burying beetles [16,24], have the capacity to metabolize toxic chemicals [50] and have genes likely involved in gastrointestinal tract colonization [51]. Taken together, these data suggest roles for these potential core microbiota in eliminating microbial competitors for carcass preservation, facilitating nutrient acquisition for developing larvae through the breakdown of animal tissue, detoxifying the carcass environment, and even in assisting with re-introduction of core bacteria into the larval digestive tract.…”

Genetically Engineered Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 Synbiotics Reduce Metabolic Effects Induced by Chronic Consumption of Dietary Fructose

“…[ 33 ]. The efficiency of probiotics in ameliorating metabolic disorders has been revealed in a high-fructose-fed rat model [ 14 ]. Probiotic producing fructose metabolizing enzymes treatment maintained body weight and fasting glucose level in comparison with fructose control group.…”

“…Vgb produced by Ec N could improve the survival in intestine as seen in probiotic E . coli CFR16 strain [ 14 ]. Overall metabolic effects observed in the present study demonstrates the synergistic effects of Ec N, PQQ, Vgb and SCFA formed due to in situ generation of prebiotic gluconic acid and mannitol.…”

“…Our previous work demonstrated that probiotic E . coli CFR 16 expressing Vitreoscilla haemoglobin (VHb) and secreting PQQ protected against CCl 4 and dimethyl hydrazine induced damage by reducing liver and colon damage mediated by their antioxidant abilities [ 14 , 15 ] This probiotic treatment also restored neurotransmitter levels which alter in response to oxidative damage [ 16 ]. Additionally, probiotic Ec N producing PQQ was found to be more effective than orally given PQQ against alcohol and rotenone induced oxidative stress [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Potential of Escherichia coli Probiotics for Improved Health and Disease Management

“…Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) with a high affinity for oxygen facilitates the survival and functionality of bacteria under microaerobic conditions [54] promoted colonization of genetically modified E. coli in the gut. E. coli 16 double transformants of gfp and Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vgb) genes at 10 8 cfu/g were present in the rat fecal matter after 70 days of oral administration, while Ec16 gfp was not found after 48 days [37]. Additionally, catalase activity of VHb scavenges the reactive oxygen species, which decreased the carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.…”