Potential role of miR-100 in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function by base pairing with messenger RNAs, thereby regulating protein expression. Functional studies indicate that miRNAs are involved in the regulation of almost every biological pathway. Moreover, changes in miRNA expression are associated with several human pathologies, including cancer. Dysregulation and aberrant expression of microRNA-100 (miR-100) have been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression of several cancer types, suggesting that miR-100 might serve as a diagnostic and/or prognostic marker for human malignancy. In this review, we summarize the potential application of miR-100 in cancer treatment and as a new molecular marker for cancer prognosis and diagnosis. We will provide a brief introduction to miR-100 and discuss its role as a non-invasive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in human cancers.

Potential role of miR-139-5p in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy

“…Subsequently, two mature forms of miR-139 are formed: miR-139-3p processed from the 3′arm and miR-139-5p processed from the 5′arm of the stem loop sequence (39). Mature miRNAs are incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and guide the RISC to binding 3′-UTR of the target gene mRNA, leading to the degradation or translational inhibition of target mRNA (13,40). Consistent with this, miR-139-5p target sites were observed to be located in the 3′-UTR of targeted mRNA in a number of previous studies (26,39).…”

MicroRNA-100 suppresses human gastric cancer cell proliferation by targeting CXCR7

“…Therefore, in this present study, we aimed to identify new miRNA biomarker that could be used as predictor for the overall survival of GC patients and also with the hope to reveal the underlying mechanism of how miRNA participated in the development of GC. miR-100 has been found aberrant expressed in several human cancers but its role in tumorigenesis is still controversial (16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The reason for that might be it can regulate different downstream target genes and therefore it can have different and even opposite functions in tumors.…”

“…As for GC, a number of miRNAs have reported to participate in a variety of physiological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis via regulating several target genes (13)(14)(15). miR-100, one member of the miR-100 family, is located at chromosome 11 at 11q24.1 (16). Extensive studies have been performed to evaluate the role of miR-100 in tumors but the results seemed to be controversial.…”

“…For example, miR-100 was found to acting as tumor suppressor by deregulation its target genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (17), epithelial ovarian cancer (18), and breast cancer (19). However, miR-100 was also found to acting as oncogene in renal cell carcinoma (20) and acute myeloid leukemia (16). Therefore, the clinical significance of miR-100 in GC and the underlying mechanism still remained to be elucidated.…”

Non-coding RNAs, the Trojan horse in two-way communication between tumor and stroma in colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma

“…It also induces apoptosis, which renders it a potential target for cancer therapy. miR- 100 directly blocked the expression of ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMT) and, in turn, suppressed matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) activation[33, 34]. miR- 145- 5p expression was down-regulated in HCC and CRC tissues [35, 36].…”