Potential roles of insect Tropomyosin1-X1 isoform in the process of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection of Diaphorina citri

Lu, Zhanjun; Zhou, Chenghua; Yu, Hai‐Zhong; Huang, Yu‐Ling; Liu, Yingxue; Xie, Yan-Xin; Wang, Jie; Hu, Wei; Huang, Aijun; Su, Huanan; Yang, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.02.012

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…GFP dsRNA was used as a control. The dsRNA delivery was performed by using an artificial diet according to a previous method [42]. In brief, 30 newly emerged fifth-instar D. citri nymphs were used in dsRNA treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing of the Chitin Synthase Gene Is Lethal to the Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri

Huang

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Chitin synthase is a critical enzyme that catalyzes N-acetylglucosamine to form chitin, which plays an important role in the growth and development of insects. In this study, we identified a chitin synthase gene (CHS) with a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 3180 bp from the genome database of Diaphorina citri, encoding a protein of 1059 amino acid residues with the appropriate signature motifs (EDR and QRRRW). Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis suggested that D. citri CHS (DcCHS) was expressed throughout all developmental stages and all tissues. DcCHS had the highest expression level in the integument and fifth-instar nymph stage. Furthermore, the effects of diflubenzuron (DFB) on D. citri mortality and DcCHS expression level were investigated using fifth-instar nymph through leaf dip bioassay, and the results revealed that the nymph exposed to DFB had the highest mortality compared with control group (Triton-100). Silencing of DcCHS by RNA interference resulted in malformed phenotypes and increased mortality with decreased molting rate. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) also revealed corresponding ultrastructural defects. Our results suggest that DcCHS might play an important role in the development of D. citri and can be used as a potential target for psyllid control.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silencing of the Chitin Synthase Gene Is Lethal to the Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri

Huang

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…Yu et al revealed that the silencing of D. citri muscle protein 20 (DcMP20) resulted in significant mortality and reduced the body weight of D. citri [11]. By RNA interference (RNAi) technology, the knockdown of D. citri tropomyosin1-X1 (DcTm1-X1) significantly increased the mortality rate of nymphs [12]. Although some success regarding the control of D. citri has been achieved, the threats caused by HLB are going to continue.…”

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confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analyses of Diaphorina citri Midgut Responses to Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus Infection

Zeng

et al. 2020

Insects

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The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is an important transmission vector of the citrus greening disease Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). The D. citri midgut exhibits an important tissue barrier against CLas infection. However, the molecular mechanism of the midgut response to CLas infection has not been comprehensively elucidated. In this study, we identified 778 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the midgut upon CLas infection, by comparative transcriptome analyses, including 499 upregulated DEGs and 279 downregulated DEGs. Functional annotation analysis showed that these DEGs were associated with ubiquitination, the immune response, the ribosome, endocytosis, the cytoskeleton and insecticide resistance. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that most of the DEGs were primarily involved in endocytosis and the ribosome. A total of fourteen DEG functions were further validated by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). This study will contribute to our understanding of the molecular interaction between CLas and D. citri.Insects 2020, 11, 171 2 of 16 poisoning of farmers, environmental pollution and insect resistance [8,9]. Some researchers have focused on the olfactory system of D. citri, revealing a suite of odorants that can be used to develop affordable and safe odor-based surveillance for D. citri control [10]. Yu et al. revealed that the silencing of D. citri muscle protein 20 (DcMP20) resulted in significant mortality and reduced the body weight of D. citri [11]. By RNA interference (RNAi) technology, the knockdown of D. citri tropomyosin1-X1 (DcTm1-X1) significantly increased the mortality rate of nymphs [12]. Although some success regarding the control of D. citri has been achieved, the threats caused by HLB are going to continue. It is essential to investigate the molecular mechanisms of HLB transmission in D. citri.Both D. citri adults and nymphs can transmit CLas. Recent studies suggested that the pathogen multiplies in D. citri after acquisition and becomes distributed among various internal tissues, including the alimentary canal, salivary glands, hemolymph, filter chamber, midgut, fat body, muscle tissues and ovaries [13][14][15]. Among these tissues, the midgut is the first barrier that the bacterium must breach before entry into the hemolymph, indicating that the midgut plays an important role in CLas infection [16]. Pathogens can manipulate the host's essential biological processes during the host-pathogen interaction, e.g., by changing protein translation, vesicular transport and protein metabolism [17,18]. In the midgut, many genes and proteins are involved in the defense against pathogens. Wang et al. identified 869 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the Bombyx mori larval midgut via comparative transcriptome analysis. The results showed that many of the DEGs were associated with protein metabolism, the cytoskeleton and apoptosis [19]. Bao et al. performed a transcriptome-wide analysis on the Nilaparvata lugens intestine, an...

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“…Artificial diet 200-1000 ng µL − 1 Higher mortality (Galdeano et al 2017) The fertility gene boule (DcBol) Artificial diet 50-500 ng µL − 1 Higher mortality (Yu and Killiny 2018b) Sucrose hydrolase (DcSuh) Topical feeding 50-500 ng µL − 1 Higher mortality due do hyperosmotic pressure (Santos-Ortega and Killiny 2018) Cytochrome P450 (CYP4g15, CYP303A1, CYP4C62 and CYP6BD5), glutathione S-transferase gene (GSTS1) and esterase gene (EST-6) Topical feeding 10-100 ng µL − 1 Increased susceptibility to insecticides and increased adult mortality (Tian et al 2019a) UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) Topical feeding 100 and 200 ng µL − 1 Increased susceptibility to imidacloprid and increased adult mortality (Tian et al 2019b) Chitin synthase (DcCHS) Artificial diet 150 ng µL − 1 High mortality and malformed phenotypes (Lu et al 2019a Tropomyosin1-X2 isoform (DcTm1-X2) artificial diet 150 ng µL − 1 High mortality and increased CLas infection (Lu et al 2019b) Opsin genes (Dc-UV, Dc-LW and Dc-BW) Topical application 1000 ng µL − 1 Reduced phototactic efficiency to ultraviolet light, green light, and blue light (Li et al 2020) Chitin deacetylase 3 (DcCDA3) Artificial diet 300 ng µL − 1 No obvious influence on D. citri phenotype (Yu et al 2020) • delivery methods included topical application (dsRNA applied to psyllid abdomen then it penetrates to haemocoel), topical feeding (dsRNA applied to the mouthparts and it is acquired though feeding), artificial diet (dsRNA added to 20% sucrose solution between two layers of parafilm and insects acquire it through feeding) and virus-based plant mediated (virus induced gene silencing and insect acquire dsRNA through feeding on plants)…”

Section: Challenges and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies demonstrated that knockdown of some developmental genes, e.g. abnormal wing disc gene awd(El-Shesheny et al 2013;Hajeri et al 2014;Killiny and Kishk 2017), muscle protein 20 DcMP20(Yu et al 2017), chitin synthase CS/CHS(Galdeano et al 2017;Lu et al 2019a), tropomyosin 1-X2 isoform DcTm1-X2(Lu et al 2019b), and transformer-2 gene Dctra-2 (Yu and Killiny 2018a), detoxification genes cytochrome P 4 5 0 ( K i l l i n y e t a l . 20 1 4 ; Tian et al 2 0 1 9a ) , carboxyesterase(Kishk et al 2017a), acetylcholinesterase…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA interference-mediated control of Asian citrus psyllid, the vector of the huanglongbing bacterial pathogen

Killiny

2020

Trop. plant pathol.

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Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is the natural vector of the Huanglongbing (HLB) pathogen that presents an unparalleled challenge to citrus production. RNA interference (RNAi) has already shown great potential for insect pest management owing to its high specificity. RNAi technique relies on the delivery of exogenous double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that target essential genes in insects. The D. citri genome possesses three dsRNase homologs and all core RNAi machinery genes, aside from the R2D2 that functions as a cofactor of Dicer-2 in the siRNA pathway. Nevertheless, ever-increasing research on the application of RNAi to suppress D. citri population has promulgated outstanding progress. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent literature, and summarize the current understanding of RNAi mechanisms and advances in the applications of RNAi in D. citri. The major challenges including the potential of dsRNA degradation, target gene selection, and dsRNA delivery methods, as well as the implications of using RNAi for D. citri control are reviewed.

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Potential roles of insect Tropomyosin1-X1 isoform in the process of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection of Diaphorina citri

Cited by 18 publications

References 55 publications

Silencing of the Chitin Synthase Gene Is Lethal to the Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri

Silencing of the Chitin Synthase Gene Is Lethal to the Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri

Transcriptome Analyses of Diaphorina citri Midgut Responses to Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus Infection

RNA interference-mediated control of Asian citrus psyllid, the vector of the huanglongbing bacterial pathogen

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