Potential significance of land—sea distribution and surface albedo variations as a climatic forcing factor; 180 m.y. to the present

Barron, Eric J.; Sloan, James L.; Harrison, C. G. A.

doi:10.1016/0031-0182(80)90047-4

Cited by 116 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The consequences of a transgression are an expansion of shelf areas, an increase in shallow water biota, a decrease in erosion and sediment input, and a diminished albedo (BARRON et al, 1980) which results in a warming up of the oceans. Paleogeographic boundaries may disappear and faunal provinces can gain direct contact to each other, leading to new competition.…”

Section: The Cyclic Transgression-regression Model As Mechanism For Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global Frasnian-Famennian »Kellwasser Event«

Buggisch¹

1991

Geol Rundsch

222

109

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ZusammenfassungW~ihrend der Obersten P. gigas-Zone (= P. linguiformis-Zone) kulminiert das stufenweise Erl6-schen der Frasne Organismen im globalen transgressiv-regressiven ~>Kellwasser-Ereignis<<, das die Frasne-Famenne-Grenze markiert. Die meisten Organismengruppen der tropischen Meere werden mehr oder weniger von dem Massensterben betroffen. W~ihrend des tiefen Oberdevons sind die Aussterberaten offensichtlich mit der Ablagerung von Schwarzschiefern verkntipft, in denen eine groBe Menge organischen Kohlenstoffs auf den Schelfen fixiert wird. Gleichzeitige positive Exkursionen der 613C-Kurven, die in pelagischen Kalken aus Europa und Australien gemessen wurden, deuten auf eine weltweite )imderung der CO2-Gehalte des ozeanischen Oberflfichenwassers und der Atmosphfire hin.Sollte das Klima vom CO2 in der Atmosph~ire gesteuert werden, k6nnte sich folgender Autozyklus entwickelt haben: Transgression -hohe organische Produktion -Ablagerung von organischem Kohlenstoff -Erniedrigung des CO2-Gehaltes in der Atmosph~ire -Abkt~hlung -polare VereisungRegression -Erosion und Oxidation yon organischem Kohlenstoff -Erh6hung des CO2-Gehaltes in der Atmosphfire -Treibhauseffekt -Abschmelzen der polaren Vereisung -Transgression. Aufsteigende anoxische Wgsser beim Ubergang vom Treibhaus-zum >>Kfihlhauseffekt<< dtirften eine der Ursachen ftir das Massensterben tropischer mariner Organismen gewesen sein. AbstractDuring the Uppermost P. gigas conodont zone (P. linguiformis zone) the stepwise Frasnian extinction culminates in the global transgressive-regressive Frasnian-Famennian >~Kellwasser event<<. Most pelagic organisms of the tropical marine environment are more or less affected by this mass extinction. During the early Upper Devonian extinction rates are clearly related to the deposition of black shales and the storage of a great amount of organic carbon in the (shelf) sediments. Contemporaneous positive excursions of the 613C recorded from pelagic limestones of Europe and Australia prove a worldwide change in the CO2 content of the oceans surface water which is in balance with the atmosphere. If the climate is controlled by the CO2 content of the atmosphere, a cyclic operation process might have developed with the succession: transgression -high organic production -deposition of organic carbon -lowering of CO2 in the atmosphere -icehouse effect -polar glaciationregression -erosion of organic carbon and resupply of CO2 to the ocean and atmospheregreenhouse effect -deglaciation -transgression. During the change from a greenhouse to an icehouse effect an overturn of the anoxic oceans probably was one of the causes for the mass killing of low latitude marine organisms. R6sum6Au cours de la partie supdrieure de la zone de conodontes h P. gigas (= zone ~ P. linguiformis), l'extinction progressive des organismes frasniens a culmin6 au moment de l'6vdnement de Kellwasser, marqu6 par une transgression-r6gression globale h la limite Frasnien-Famennien. La plupart des organismes p61agiques des milieux marins tropicaux ont 6t6 affect6s ~...

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Section: The Cyclic Transgression-regression Model As Mechanism For Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global Frasnian-Famennian »Kellwasser Event«

Buggisch¹

1991

Geol Rundsch

222

109

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“…Various types of data suggest that such a cooling trend may have begun as early as Albian time Frakes, 1979) when atmospheric dust loadings were high (Fig.2). We do not yet understand the relative significance of the mid-Cretaceous atmospheric dust concentrations to the onset of global cooling, however, as many other factors such as cloudiness, humidity, CO2 and 03 concentrations, continental vegetation, and the area covered by low-reflectivity water also bear upon the determination of the earth-surface temperature (Pollack et al, 1976;Frakes, 1979;Barron et al, 1980).…”

Section: History Of Eolian Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late cretaceous history of eolian deposition in the mid-pacific mountains, central North Pacific Ocean

Rea

Janecek

1981

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Eolian dust preserved in deep-sea sediment can provide a direct historical record of global atmospheric circulation. Data from a reasonably complete Upper Cretaceous section of pelagic sediments recovered at DSDP Site 463 in the central North Pacific provides a good record of eolian activity during the time period between about 112 hnd 66 m.y. ago. We have isolated the eolian component from these sediments, determined its mass accumulation rate and combined these data with the mineralogy of the inorganic fraction determined by others to construct a record of eolian deposition. Volcanic input is significant during Aptian--Albian and Maastrichtian times, otherwise continentally derived minerals dominate. Mass accumulation rates of the continental eolian component range from over 500 mg/cm~/103yr during the late Albian to a low of 5 mg/cm2/10~yr during Coniacian time. (For comparison, the upper Miocene to Pleistocene rate averages about 20 mg/cm2/103yr.) The temporal pattern of Late Cretaceous eolian accumulation of Site 463 generally matches known changes in sea level, suggesting that source availability is the dominant control of eolian sedimentation during that time.

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“…The areal extent of deserts also plays an important role. Barron et al (1980) have calculated that large land masses situated beneath the descending branch of the Hadley cell (10-30° latitude) are responsible for a greater reduction in insolation receipt than land masses at high latitudes --reduction is greater for high insolation receipt/relatively low albedo (0.35) than for low insolation receipt/relatively high albedo (0.65). Burrett (1982) has recently extended the above paleogeographic approach to records spanning the last 600 M.y.…”

Section: Cf P(;-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 12 The area of land in each 100 latitude belt as measured by planimeter for the present and 100 million years (Barron et al 1980 Coral reefs extended to 30 0 latitude in both hemispheres, and coal deposits formed at 70°N paleolatitude (Frakes, 1979). Breadfruit trees grew at 60°N…”

Section: Cf P(;-mentioning

confidence: 99%

The geologic record of climatic change

Crowley¹

1983

Reviews of Geophysics

146

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This paper reviews the principal results from paleoclimate studies and includes background material slanted toward climate modelers. The inferred temperature history of the last 4.6 billion years indicates major changes in the components of the earth's climate system. A secular change in global insolation receipt is due to a 20–30% increase in solar luminosity since the formation of the earth. A CO2‐H2O greenhouse effect may have offset the lower luminosity during early earth history. Inferred fluctuations of global temperature have occurred over a broad range of time scales. On time scales of 106–108 years, paleogeographic factors (e.g., continental drift and sea level changes) have contributed significantly to temperature changes associated with transitions between nonglacial and glacial states. Preliminary modeling efforts indicate that additional factors (e.g., CO2, changes in atmospheric circulation) must also be considered in order to explain the origin of nonglacial climates. The origin of polar ice caps may result from ocean circulation changes that were caused by plate tectonic processes. Fluctuations of ice volume on a time scale of 10³–105 years correlate with insolation variations caused by orbital perturbations. Feedback interactions within the land‐sea‐air‐ice system (e.g., ocean circulation changes and bedrock dynamics) have been responsible for a significant modulation of the orbital signal. Ice ages may be due to orbitally induced temperature changes superimposed on a global cooling of terrestrial origin.

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Potential significance of land—sea distribution and surface albedo variations as a climatic forcing factor; 180 m.y. to the present

Cited by 116 publications

References 24 publications

The global Frasnian-Famennian »Kellwasser Event«

The global Frasnian-Famennian »Kellwasser Event«

Late cretaceous history of eolian deposition in the mid-pacific mountains, central North Pacific Ocean

The geologic record of climatic change

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