Potential small‐molecule drugs as available weapons to fight novel coronavirus (<scp>2019‐nCoV</scp>): A review

Rahimkhoei, Vahid; Jabbari, Nassrollah; Nourani, Aynaz; Sharifi, Roholah; Akbari, Ali

doi:10.1002/cbf.3576

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The benefit of these therapies is that, since they have been approved for the treatment of other viral infections, their metabolic properties, dosages used, possible effectiveness and side effects are known. However, because these therapies are broad-spectrum, they are unable to directly kill CoVs, and potential side effects should be considered ( 144 ). Unfortunately, due to differences in pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties, in vitro analysis seldom translates to in vivo , posing a significant barrier to clinical translation of a therapeutic candidate ( 145 ).…”

Section: Therapeutics Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Therapeutic Targets and Vaccine Development for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Pandemic Management: A Review on the Recent Update

et al. 2021

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly pathogenic novel virus that has caused a massive pandemic called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide. Wuhan, a city in China became the epicenter of the outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019. The disease was declared a pandemic globally by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020. SARS-CoV-2 is a beta CoV of the Coronaviridae family which usually causes respiratory symptoms that resemble common cold. Multiple countries have experienced multiple waves of the disease and scientific experts are consistently working to find answers to several unresolved questions, with the aim to find the most suitable ways to contain the virus. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies and vaccine development for COVID-19 management are also considered. Currently, substantial efforts have been made to develop successful and safe treatments and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Some vaccines, such as inactivated vaccines, nucleic acid-based, and vector-based vaccines, have entered phase 3 clinical trials. Additionally, diverse small molecule drugs, peptides and antibodies are being developed to treat COVID-19. We present here an overview of the virus interaction with the host and environment and anti-CoV therapeutic strategies; including vaccines and other methodologies, designed for prophylaxis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection with the hope that this integrative analysis could help develop novel therapeutic approaches against COVID-19.

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Section: Therapeutics Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Therapeutic Targets and Vaccine Development for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Pandemic Management: A Review on the Recent Update

et al. 2021

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“…COVID-19 and its associated mucormycosis impair the immune system by initiating the cytokine storm in such patients. MSC-based therapy is coming up with new hope for promoting endogenous repair and inhibiting the cytokine storm, hence, helpful in managing COVID-19 and its associated mucormycosis ( Rahimkhoei et al, 2021 ). In a previously conducted study on COVID-19 patients, injection of MSCs to lungs in pulmonary disease showed a protective effect on the endothelial cells ( Liang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Msc-based Management Of Covid-19–associated Mucormycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Newer Horizon of Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Based Therapy in the Management of SARS-CoV-2–Associated Mucormycosis: A Safe Hope for Future Medicine

et al. 2021

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SARS-CoV-2–infected patients are reported to show immunocompromised behavior that gives rise to a wide variety of complications due to impaired innate immune response, cytokine storm, and thrombo-inflammation. Prolonged use of steroids, diabetes mellitus, and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are some of the factors responsible for the growth of Mucorales in such immunocompromised patients and, thus, can lead to a life-threatening condition referred to as mucormycosis. Therefore, an early diagnosis and cell-based management cosis is the need of the hour to help affected patients overcome this severe condition. In addition, extended exposure to antifungal drugs/therapeutics is found to initiate hormonal and neurological complications. More recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to exhibit immunomodulatory function and proven to be beneficial in a clinical cell-based regenerative approach. The immunomodulation ability of MSCs in mucormycosis patient boosts the immunity by the release of chemotactic proteins. MSC-based therapy in mucormycosis along with the combination of short-term antifungal drugs can be utilized as a prospective approach for mucormycosis treatment with promising outcomes. However, preclinical and in mucormyIn mucormycosis, the hyphae of clinical trials are needed to establish the precise mechanism of MSCs in mucormycosis treatment.

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“…Although the clinical effectiveness of these drugs has not yet been proven for COVID‐19, more recent studies show that some drugs may be potential drugs for COVID‐19 treatment. These potential drugs include lopinavir/ritonavir, nucleoside analogs, neuraminidase inhibitors, remdesivir, umifenovir, DNA synthesis inhibitors (tenofovir disoproxil, lamivudine), chloroquine/h ydroxychloroquine , hydroxychloroquine+azithromycin, ACE2‐based peptides, 3C‐like protease (3CLpro) inhibitors 32,120‐129 …”

Section: Potential Treatment Agents For Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS‐COV‐2 (COVID‐19): Cellular and biochemical properties and pharmacological insights into new therapeutic developments

Parlakpınar

Gunata

2020

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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COVID‐19 caused by SARS‐COV‐2 first appeared in the Wuhan City of China and began to spread rapidly among people. Rapid progression of the outbreak has led to a major global public health problem of a potentially fatal disease. On January 30, 2020, WHO declared the pandemic as the sixth public health emergency of the world. Upon this, the whole country has started to take the necessary precautions. The new coronavirus uses membrane‐bound angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enter into the cells, such as SARS‐CoV, and mostly affects the respiratory tract. Symptoms of COVID‐19 patients include fever (93%), fatigue (70%), cough (70%), anorexia (40%) and dyspnoea (34.5%). The elderly and people with underlying chronic diseases are more susceptible to infection and higher mortality. Currently, a large number of drugs and vaccines studies are ongoing. In this review, we discussed the virology, epidemiological data, the replication of the virus, and its relationship with cardiovascular diseases on COVID‐19 pandemics, treatment and vaccines. Thereby, this study aims to neatly present scientific data in light of many regarding literature that can be a clue for readers who research this disease prevention and treatment. Significance of the study This review summarized current information on COVID‐19 (epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical, laboratory, cardiovascular diseases, ACE2 and pharmacological agents) for researchers and reveals guiding data for researchers, especially in the field of cardiovascular system, pharmacology, dysregulation of cellular function in disease, molecular and cell biology and physiology in the regulation of tissue function in health and disease.

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Potential small‐molecule drugs as available weapons to fight novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV): A review

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Potential Therapeutic Targets and Vaccine Development for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Pandemic Management: A Review on the Recent Update

Potential Therapeutic Targets and Vaccine Development for SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Pandemic Management: A Review on the Recent Update

Newer Horizon of Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Based Therapy in the Management of SARS-CoV-2–Associated Mucormycosis: A Safe Hope for Future Medicine

SARS‐COV‐2 (COVID‐19): Cellular and biochemical properties and pharmacological insights into new therapeutic developments

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