Potential Therapeutic Applications of Pulmonary Surfactant Lipids in the Host Defence Against Respiratory Viral Infections

Ji, Jianjian; Luo, Zichen; Zhang, Ying; Wang, Xianzheng; Liao, Yingzhao; Xie, Ting; Shan, Jinjun

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.730022

Cited by 21 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Finally, a study showed that the administration of artificial pulmonary surfactant to mice infected with the H1N1 influenza virus in combination with antibody treatment increased the survival rate substantially. This effect was attributed to the surfactant inhibiting alveolar collapse and diffuse alveolar damage in the lungs, thereby preserving lung function for oxygenation [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cetylpyridinium chloride promotes disaggregation of SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles

Bañó-Polo

Martínez-Gil

Pino

et al. 2022

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background SARS-CoV-2 is continuously disseminating worldwide. The development of strategies to break transmission is mandatory. Aim of the study To investigate the potential of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) as a viral inhibitor. Methods SARS-CoV-2 Virus Like-Particles (VLPs) were incubated with CPC, a potent surfactant routinely included in mouthwash preparations. Results Concentrations of 0.05% CPC (w/v) commonly used in mouthwash preparations are sufficient to promote the rupture of SARS-CoV-2 VLP membranes. Conclusion Including CPC in mouthwashes could be a prophylactic strategy to keep SARS-CoV-2 from spreading.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cetylpyridinium chloride promotes disaggregation of SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles

Bañó-Polo

Martínez-Gil

Pino

et al. 2022

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…PG and PI thus paly complementary role in innate immune antiviral defense in the lung. Surfactant preparations containing PG can be used for treating respiratory viral infections and potentially for improving lung function in COVID-19 patients ( Bollag and Gonzales, 2020 ; Ji et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Potential Of Lipid Classes In Tearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Tear Lipids in the Ocular Surface Defense

Mudgil

2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The concept of antimicrobial lipids as effectors of innate host defense is an emerging field. There is limited knowledge on the antimicrobial role of lipids in the ocular environment. Tears act as first line of defense to protect the ocular surface from infections. Antimicrobial effects of tear lipids have been demonstrated using meibomian lipids that are the source of majority of lipids in tears. This article describes the knowledge available on the antimicrobial role of tear lipids at the ocular surface and the antimicrobial potential of various lipid classes present in tears that can contribute to antimicrobial protection of the eye. Like other mucosal secretions, tears contain many proteins and lipids with known antimicrobial effects. The antimicrobial defense of tears is far stronger than can be demonstrated by the effects of individual compounds many of which are present in low concentrations but synergistic and additive interactions between them provide substantial antimicrobial protection to the ocular surface. It is inferred that antimicrobial lipids play important role in innate defense of tears, and cooperative interactions between various antimicrobial lipids and proteins in tears provide a potent host defense mechanism that is effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens and renders self-sterilizing properties to tears for keeping the microbial load low at the ocular surface.

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“…Both mechanisms potentially protect the alveolus by restoring surface tension and alveolar compliance on the one hand, and by reducing fluid accumulation and improving oxygenation on the other hand. Last but not least, the release of surfactant as part of the innate immune system facilitates viral clearance in many ways, as reviewed in detail [ 176 ].…”

Section: Pathophysiology Linked To Ion Channels and Transporters On Lamellar Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channels and Transporters of the Pulmonary Lamellar Body in Health and Disease

Dietl

Frick

2021

Cells

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The lamellar body (LB) of the alveolar type II (ATII) cell is a lysosome-related organelle (LRO) that contains surfactant, a complex mix of mainly lipids and specific surfactant proteins. The major function of surfactant in the lung is the reduction of surface tension and stabilization of alveoli during respiration. Its lack or deficiency may cause various forms of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Surfactant is also part of the innate immune system in the lung, defending the organism against air-borne pathogens. The limiting (organelle) membrane that encloses the LB contains various transporters that are in part responsible for translocating lipids and other organic material into the LB. On the other hand, this membrane contains ion transporters and channels that maintain a specific internal ion composition including the acidic pH of about 5. Furthermore, P2X4 receptors, ligand gated ion channels of the danger signal ATP, are expressed in the limiting LB membrane. They play a role in boosting surfactant secretion and fluid clearance. In this review, we discuss the functions of these transporting pathways of the LB, including possible roles in disease and as therapeutic targets, including viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2.

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Potential Therapeutic Applications of Pulmonary Surfactant Lipids in the Host Defence Against Respiratory Viral Infections

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Cetylpyridinium chloride promotes disaggregation of SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles

Cetylpyridinium chloride promotes disaggregation of SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles

Antimicrobial Tear Lipids in the Ocular Surface Defense

Channels and Transporters of the Pulmonary Lamellar Body in Health and Disease

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