Potential Use of Chitosan as a Cell Scaffold Material for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Nettles, Dana L.; Elder, Steven H.; Gilbert, John E.

doi:10.1089/107632702320934100

Cited by 318 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Rapid degradation [170] [171]; [172]; [173]; [174] Alginate Aids re-differentiation of de-differentiated chondrocytes [66] In vivo injectable options [175] Abundant and low cost Certain cross-linkage can result in poor biocompatibility [184]; [185]; [186]; [187]; [188]; [189]; [182]; [190] Dermatan sulphate, [194]; [195] …”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioengineering of Articular Cartilage: Past, Present and Future

Felimban

Moulton

et al. 2013

Regen. Med.

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The treatment of cartilage defects poses a clinical challenge owing to the lack of intrinsic regenerative capacity of cartilage. The use of tissue engineering techniques to bioengineer articular cartilage is promising and may hold the key to the successful regeneration of cartilage tissue. Natural and synthetic biomaterials have been used to recreate the microarchitecture of articular cartilage through multilayered biomimetic scaffolds. Acellular scaffolds preserve the microarchitecture of articular cartilage through a process of decellularization of biological tissue. Although promising, this technique often results in poor biomechanical strength of the graft. However, biomechanical strength could be improved if biomaterials could be incorporated back into the decellularized tissue to overcome this limitation.

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Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioengineering of Articular Cartilage: Past, Present and Future

Felimban

Moulton

et al. 2013

Regen. Med.

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“…It should be noted that the defect in the blank group was partially repaired (Figs. 3d-3f, 5d-5f, and 6d-6f), which indicates that, because of its biocompatibility and antibacterial properties, pure chitosan hydrogel can also promote cartilage damage repair (Nettles et al, 2002). During the process of repair, the gel will be gradually replaced by cartilage tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Alginate-chitosan microcapsules have been used to encapsulate mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells (Qiao et al, 2014), and the results showed that the activity of cells in the alginate-chitosan microcapsules exceeded that of the alginate microcapsule group, which proved that chitosan has excellent biocompatibility. Nettles et al (2002) demonstrated that cartilage cells can adhere for a long time to chitosan scaffolds, which keeps their morphological characteristics. These studies indicated that chitosan is a desirable scaffold for the repair of cartilage defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Repair of articular cartilage defects in rabbits through tissue-engineered cartilage constructed with chitosan hydrogel and chondrocytes

Zhao

Chen

Liu

et al. 2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:Objective: In our previous work, we prepared a type of chitosan hydrogel with excellent biocompatibility. In this study, tissue-engineered cartilage constructed with this chitosan hydrogel and costal chondrocytes was used to repair the articular cartilage defects. Methods: Chitosan hydrogels were prepared with a crosslinker formed by combining 1,6-diisocyanatohexane and polyethylene glycol. Chitosan hydrogel scaffold was seeded with rabbit chondrocytes that had been cultured for one week in vitro to form the preliminary tissue-engineered cartilage. This preliminary tissue-engineered cartilage was then transplanted into the defective rabbit articular cartilage. There were three treatment groups: the experimental group received preliminary tissue-engineered cartilage; the blank group received pure chitosan hydrogels; and, the control group had received no implantation. The knee joints were harvested at predetermined time. The repaired cartilage was analyzed through gross morphology, histologically and immunohistochemically. The repairs were scored according to the international cartilage repair society (ICRS) standard. Results: The gross morphology results suggested that the defects were repaired completely in the experimental group after twelve weeks. The regenerated tissue connected closely with subchondral bone and the boundary with normal tissue was fuzzy. The cartilage lacuna in the regenerated tissue was similar to normal cartilage lacuna. The results of ICRS gross and histological grading showed that there were significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Chondrocytes implanted in the scaffold can adhere, proliferate, and secrete extracellular matrix. The novel tissue-engineered cartilage constructed in our research can completely repair the structure of damaged articular cartilage.

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“…Chitosan-based scaffolds have been extensively studied for bone and cartilage tissue engineering applications. [15] The application of chitosan in cartilage tissue engineering is due to its ability to electrostatically attract GAGs. [16] Apart from this, chitosan-based polymeric constructs were found to sufficiently adhere to the cartilage surface and have been used for the rectification of the chondral articular defects.…”

Section: Scaffold Fabrication Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of poly(L-lactide) and chitosan composite scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration

Mallick

Pal

Rastogi

et al. 2016

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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The present study delineates the development of chitosan and poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) scaffolds cross-linked using a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), n-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), and chondroitin sulfate (CS) for cartilage tissue engineering applications. Chitosan and PLLA were varied in concentration for developing scaffolds and prepared by freeze-drying method. The various scaffolds were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosity by mercury intrusion porosimeter, and the molecular interactions among polymers using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to predict the thermal properties of the scaffolds. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were studied using static mechanical tester. The ability of the scaffolds to support chondrocyte proliferation was also studied. The microscopy suggests that the pore size of the scaffolds varied with the composition in the range of 38-172 μm and the porosities in the range of 73-93%. The XRD and the FTIR studies suggested that an alternation in the composition of the scaffolds altered the molecular interactions among the scaffold components. An increase in the chitosan content enhanced the swelling property. The degradation of the scaffolds was least when the proportion of chitosan and PLLA was in the ratio of 70:30. The in vitro cell proliferation study suggested that the developed scaffolds were able to support chondrogenesis, the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of the mature chondrocyte was 40 μg/ml and the viability was approximately 90%. Hence, the so designed scaffolds may be tried for cartilage tissue engineering applications.

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Potential Use of Chitosan as a Cell Scaffold Material for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Cited by 318 publications

References 37 publications

Bioengineering of Articular Cartilage: Past, Present and Future

Bioengineering of Articular Cartilage: Past, Present and Future

Repair of articular cartilage defects in rabbits through tissue-engineered cartilage constructed with chitosan hydrogel and chondrocytes

Evaluation of poly(L-lactide) and chitosan composite scaffolds for cartilage tissue regeneration

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