POTENTIAL USES OF OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis) LEAF EXTRACT IN TOPICAL APPLICATION

Yusof, Nor Zuliana

doi:10.21894/jopr.2016.2804.13

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The OPLE was also reported to have antimicrobial activities, 11,39 tyrosinase inhibition for skin whitening purpose, and protection against UV radiation. 11 Thus, OPLE potentially can be used as active ingredient for topical application. The extract was also shown to have wound healing properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,12 The OPLE comprises (À)-catechin gallate, ferulic acid, and phenolic acids, such as gallic acid and protocatechuic acid. 13,14 A recent study by Yusof et al 11 suggested that OPLE can potentially be used as a functional active ingredient for topical application where they demonstrated that OPLE has antimicrobial activity, antityrosinase activity, and protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Besides oil soluble antioxidants, water soluble antioxidants were also present in OPLE where the leaves are rich in flavonoids 8 and phenolic acids. 8 -11 The total polyphenols content in OPLE was reported to be higher than green tea extract. 9,12 The OPLE comprises (−)-catechin gallate, ferulic acid, and phenolic acids, such as gallic acid and protocatechuic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skin and Eye Irritation Assessment of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract for Topical Application

et al. 2018

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Many types of phytochemicals have been found to be present in oil palm leaf and could potentially be used as functional ingredients for skincare product. However, as of today, there is no published report on hazard identification and safety assessment of oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis) leaf extract (OPLE), particularly on skin and eye irritation. In this study, potential hazard of OPLE on skin and eye irritation was evaluated as an initial step to the safety assessment of OPLE. In vitro cell viability study of OPLE on normal human dermal fibroblasts showed that OPLE was nontoxic to the cells with percentage viability more than 90% after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. Skin irritation potential of OPLE was evaluated using in vitro SkinEthic reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD] Test Guideline 439, 2015), while eye irritation potential was evaluated using in vitro SkinEthic Human corneal epithelium (HCE) model (OECD test guideline 492, 2017). Hazard identification results showed that OPLE at 1%, 5%, and 10% (wt/wt) was classified as nonirritant to the skin and eye where mean tissue viabilities of SkinEthic RHE and SkinEthic HCE were more than 50% and 60%, respectively. Therefore, we recommend a further safety assessment, such as human patch testing, to confirm the nonirritant of OPLE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skin and Eye Irritation Assessment of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract for Topical Application

et al. 2018

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“…epigallocatechin (0.08%), catechin (0.30%), epicatechin (0.01%), epigallocatechin gallate (0.28%) and epicatechin gallate (0.05%) are among the reported phenolic compounds existing in OPLE [14]. There are claims of glycosylated flavonoids, ferulic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid and carotenoids being present, too [15].…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Modelling of Ultrasonic-Aided Extraction of <i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Leaves for Better-Quality Yield and Total Phenolic Content

et al. 2019

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The present study highlighted the statistical modeling of an ultrasonic-aided extraction (UAE) of Elaeis guineensis leaves extract for maximal extraction yield (EY) and total phenolic content (TPC). A Box-Behnken design investigated the effects of ethanol concentration (X1: 0−100%), extraction time (X2: 5−55 min), the solvent-to-solid ratio (X3: 15:1−35:1 mL/g) and sonification amplitude (X4: 20−100 %). Under optimized conditions, the highest EY of 14.38% was attained using 50% (v/v) ethanol:water ratio, 55 min, 35 mL/g solvent-to-solid ratio, 60% sonication amplitude, whereas maximum TPC was 209.70 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g [50% (v/v) ethanol:water ratio, 30 min, 25 mL/g solvent-to-solid ratio, 60% sonication amplitude]. Second-order polynomial models of EY and TPC showed the R2 value corresponding to 0.9303 and 0.9500, respectively, indicating their significance (p < 0.05) to predict the responses. HPLC chromatograms revealed gallic acid and catechin were present in the UAE extracts. UAE technique afforded better EY (14.38%) and TPC (209.70 mg GAE/g) than maceration (3.73%, 85.23 mg GAE/g) and Soxhlet (6.86%, 102.13 mg GAE/g) extractions, as based on scanning electron micrographs of untreated, UAE, macerated and Soxhlet treated samples. Cell walls of ultrasonic-treated E. guineensis leaves were visibly disrupted to facilitate the higher release of bioactive plant materials, thus justifying the higher EY and TPC. The application of ultrasound appeared to remarkably increase the extraction efficiency of E. guineensis leaves to extract as compared to the conventional methods.

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“…Owing to their high fiber and nutrient composition, the OPLs are utilized as animal feed, in the production of pulp and paper, wood-based construction materials, fillers in polymer composites, and renewable sources for carbon and ethanol production. Despite these uses, the OPLs are still considered underutilized [7,8,[11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid Composition and Pharmacological Properties of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Leaf Extracts: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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The oil palm tree (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) originates from West and Central Africa, and it is cultivated in Malaysia for its oil-producing fruits. Malaysia is the world’s second largest palm oil producer and the world’s largest exporter to date. Consequently, the Malaysian oil palm industry constantly generates a huge amount of biomass with the major contributor being the leaves. A large percentage of these leaves remain underutilized, making them a promising source of raw materials that can be converted into value-added products. The present review summarizes and discusses the flavonoid composition, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties exhibited by the extracts of the leaves of E. guineensis. The purpose of this systematic review is to highlight the potential of valorizing the leaf extracts of the oil palm tree as pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical agents.

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POTENTIAL USES OF OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis) LEAF EXTRACT IN TOPICAL APPLICATION

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Skin and Eye Irritation Assessment of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract for Topical Application

Skin and Eye Irritation Assessment of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Leaf Extract for Topical Application

Statistical Modelling of Ultrasonic-Aided Extraction of <i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Leaves for Better-Quality Yield and Total Phenolic Content

Flavonoid Composition and Pharmacological Properties of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Leaf Extracts: A Systematic Review

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