Potential Wound Healing Effect of Gel Based on Chicha Gum, Chitosan, and Mauritia flexuosa Oil

Abstract

Wounds are considered a clinically critical issue, and effective treatment will decrease complications, prevent chronic wound formation, and allow rapid healing. The development of products based on naturally occurring materials is an efficient approach to wound healing. Natural polysaccharides can mimic the extracellular matrix and promote cell growth, thus making them attractive for wound healing. In this context, the aim of this work was to produce a gel based on chicha gum, chitosan, and Mauritia flexuosa oil (CGCHO) for wound treatment. TG and DTG analyzed the thermal behavior of the materials, and SEM investigated the surface roughness. The percentages of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidants were determined, presenting a value of 81.811 ± 7.257 µmol gallic acid/g Mauritia flexuosa oil, 57.915 ± 0.305 µmol quercetin/g Mauritia flexuosa oil, and 0.379 mg/mL, respectively. The anti-inflammatory was determined, presenting a value of 10.35 ± 1.46% chicha gum, 16.86 ± 1.00% Mauritia flexuosa oil, 10.17 ± 1.05% CGCHO, and 15.53 ± 0.65% chitosan, respectively. The materials were tested against Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and a fungus (Candida albicans). The CGCHO formulation showed better antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, an in vivo wound healing study was also performed. After 21 days of treatment, the epidermal re-epithelialization process was observed. CGCHO showed good thermal stability and roughness that can help in cell growth and promote the tissue healing process. In addition to the good results observed for the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities and providing wound healing, they provided the necessary support for the healing process, thus representing a new approach to the wound healing process.

Tendon stem cells seeded on dynamic chondroitin sulfate and chitosan hydrogel scaffold with BMP2 enhance tendon-to-bone healing

“…Besides, chondroitin sulfate could inhibit the activity of natural killer cells and elastase and improve the healing process [ 25 ]. Chitosan from natural sources contains intrinsic amine groups, and the aldehyde groups obtained by amidation can directly participate in the Schiff's base reaction, making it an ideal material for the preparation of dynamic hydrogels [ 26 ]. Collagen is the main component of the tendon-to-bone interface, providing essential structural stability [ 27 , 28 ].…”

A Comparative Evaluation of the Structural and Biomechanical Properties of Food-Grade Biopolymers as Potential Hydrogel Building Blocks

“…They are considered ideal matrices in the repair of articular cartilage due to the large amount of bound water [ 33 ]. Many studies have shown that hydrogels prepared using natural polymers act as an accelerating anti-inflammatory agent in wound healing [ 34 , 35 ]. Hydrogels are highly permeable to various drugs.…”