Potentially Pathogenic &lt;i&gt;Leptospira&lt;/i&gt; Species Isolated from a Waterfall in Thailand

Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan, Somjit; Suwanpakdee, Sarin; Sangkachai, Nareerat; Chamsai, Tatiyanuch; Taruyanon, Kanokwan; Thongdee, Metawee

doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2017.363

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Infection with this novel species in a hamster model does not induce signs or symptoms of leptospirosis (13). The other three soil isolates (MW163, MW166, and MW286) clustered within the intermediate leptospiral clade in the branch associated with L. wolffii, which has previously been found in the environment in the western part of Thailand (9). This species can contribute to either symptomatic or asymptomatic disease in humans and animals (14,15).…”

Section: Pathogenic Speciesmentioning

confidence: 74%

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A Novel Genotype of <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> Recovered from Leptospirosis Outbreak Samples from Southern Thailand

Thongdee

Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan

Paisin

et al. 2019

Jpn J Infect Dis

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Section: Pathogenic Speciesmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The procedure for isolation of Leptospira spp. from soil samples has been described in our previous study (9). Cultures were maintained at 28 C, and the presence of leptospires was examined under a dark-field microscope weekly.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Genotype of <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> Recovered from Leptospirosis Outbreak Samples from Southern Thailand

Thongdee

Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan

Paisin

et al. 2019

Jpn J Infect Dis

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“…However, some leptospires were historically isolated from environmental samples. Since saprophyte species, which are common inhabitants of the environment, are abundant and grow faster, they are the most frequently isolated from soil and water samples [8,65,66]. They also constitute a major difficulty to isolate virulent leptospires from Group I and II from surface water or soil by overgrowing these slow-growing strains [11,56].…”

Section: Isolation Of Leptospira From Environmental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed above, authors who used culture-based methods mostly detected saprophytic strains [70,74,[96][97][98][99]. When Leptospira from the Pathogenic subclade P1 were successfully isolated, they were most frequently related to the low-virulent Groups III & IV [8,65] or could not be further characterized [93]. In total, only very few studies described successful isolation of pathogenic leptospires from Group I and II, with proven virulence, from freshwater or soil [100][101][102][103].…”

Section: Leptospira In Water Environments 331 Occurrence Of Leptospmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission can occur by contact between wounded skin or mucosae and contaminated soil or water. Leptospirosis had long been known as an environment-borne infection, even before its etiological agent could be identified [5] and the term of "environmental reservoir" of leptospirosis has been proposed for soils in endemic regions [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Consequently, studies have focused on source investigations and on environmental risk factors to understand interspecies contaminations [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of Leptospira in water and soil environments

Bierque¹,

Thibeaux²,

Girault³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

152

151

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Background Leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic Leptospira, is a zoonosis of global distribution. This infectious disease is mainly transmitted by indirect exposure to urine of asymptomatic animals via the environment. As human cases generally occur after heavy rain, an emerging hypothesis suggests that rainfall re-suspend leptospires together with soil particles. Bacteria are then carried to surface water, where humans get exposed. It is currently assumed that pathogenic leptospires can survive in the environment but do not multiply. However, little is known on their capacity to survive in a soil and freshwater environment. Methods We conducted a systematic review on Leptospira and leptospirosis in the environment in order to collect current knowledge on the lifestyle of Leptospira in soil and water. In total, 86 scientific articles retrieved from online databases or institutional libraries were included in this study. Principals findings/significance This work identified evidence of survival of Leptospira in the environment but major gaps remain about the survival of virulent species associated with human and animal diseases. Studies providing quantitative data on Leptospira in soil and water are a very recent trend, but must be interpreted with caution because of the uncertainty in the species identification. Several studies mentioned the presence of Leptospira in soils more frequently than in waters, supporting the hypothesis of the soil habitat and dispersion of Leptospira with resuspended soil particles during heavy rain. In a near future, the growing use of high throughput sequencing will offer new opportunities to improve our understanding of the habitat of Leptospira in the environment. This better insight into the risk of leptospirosis will allow implementing efficient control measures and prevention for the human and animal populations exposed.

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Detection of Leptospira kmetyi at recreational areas in Peninsular Malaysia

Zaki

Hod

Shamsusah

et al. 2020

Environ Monit Assess

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Humans can be infected by pathogenic Leptospira through contact with infected animals or contaminated environments. Recreational exposure has been associated with human leptospirosis; however, there is a lack of information on the distribution of Leptospira spp. in recreational areas. Thus, we conducted this study to detect and describe the distributions of Leptospira spp. and to determine the prevalence of pathogenic leptospires at recreational areas in Peninsular Malaysia. Soil and water samples were randomly collected from 33 recreational areas in Peninsular Malaysia from December 2018 to April 2019. Each culture was examined under dark-field microscopy prior to genus confirmation by polymerase chain reaction using primers for the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 390 water and soil samples were collected, and 131 cultures were positive for Leptospira under dark-field microscope examination. Leptospira was identified in most of the recreational areas sampled, and at least one pathogenic Leptospira species was isolated from 17 recreational areas. The prevalence of saprophytic, intermediate, and pathogenic Leptospira spp. was 19.7%, 5.6%, and 8.2%, respectively. The dominant pathogenic species found in the samples was Leptospira kmetyi. This study provides important data on the distribution and prevalence of Leptospira spp. from soil and water, as well as the dominant pathogenic species, at recreational areas in Peninsular Malaysia. Therefore, preventive measures should be taken to ensure the safety of visitors.

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Potentially Pathogenic <i>Leptospira</i> Species Isolated from a Waterfall in Thailand

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

A Novel Genotype of <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> Recovered from Leptospirosis Outbreak Samples from Southern Thailand

A Novel Genotype of <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> Recovered from Leptospirosis Outbreak Samples from Southern Thailand

A systematic review of Leptospira in water and soil environments

Detection of Leptospira kmetyi at recreational areas in Peninsular Malaysia

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