Poultry feather wastes recycling possibility as soil nutrient

Abstract

Poultry feathers are produced in large amounts as a waste in poultry slaughterhouses. Only 60-70% of the poultry slaughterhouse products are edible for human being. This means more million tons annually worldwide (Papadopoulus et al., 1986; Williams et al., 1991; Hegedűs et al., 1998). The keratin-content of feather can be difficulty digested, so physical, chemical and/or biological pre-treatment are needed in practice, which have to be set according to the utilization method. Feather was enzymatic degraded, and then fermented in separated bioreactors. The anaerobic bioreactor system (4 digesters with 6 litre volume) was controlled by ACE SCADA software running on Linux platforms. Pot scale seed germination tests were established to suggest the quantity of digested slurry to be utilized. The chosen test plants were lettuce (Lactuca sativa). In case of reproduction test Student's t-test was applied to examine significant differences between the root lengths of the control and the treated plant species. In case of pot seed germination variance analysis with Tukey B's and Duncan test was applied to examine significant differences between the root lengths of plants, grown on different treatments. The effect of treatments on germination ability of the plant species was expressed in the percentage of the controls. According to Student's t-test significant difference was found between root lengths of different treatments. Based on variance analysis with Tukey B's and Duncan tests could be detected a significant difference between the treatments. Utilization of the fermented material reduces the use of fertilizers and because of its large moisture content it reduces the watering costs. Recycle of the slaughterhouse feather and different agricultural wastes and byproducts can solve three main problems: disposal of harmful materials, producing of renewable energy and soil nutrient, measuring reflectance at the certain spectral range, which can facilitate real time water status assessment of orchards.

Salmonella spp. in non-edible animal products: a burden on the broiler industry

“…This process gives rise to flours that are used in formulations of feed ration. The main meals of animal origin are hydrolyzed feather meal, viscera meal, bovine meat and bone meal, and blood meal (Matias et al, 2012;Mézes et al, 2015). The use of meal of animal origin brings important contributions in terms of economic, health, and nutritional aspects.…”

Chicken Feather Protein Hydrolysate Ameliorates Cold Resistance by Upregulating Physiologic and Biochemical Responses of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

“…Chicken feathers are a large number of waste products in the poultry industry, and their excessive accumulation leads to environmental pollution (Taşkın and Kurbanoğlu 2011;Taşkın et al 2012;Mézes et al 2015). Since the keratin content of chicken feathers takes a long time to decompose in nature, physical, chemical and/or biological pretreatment is needed in practical uses, which must be adjusted according to the intended use (Mézes et al 2015). Some researchers pointed out that chicken feathers could be evaluated as a signi cant PH resource.…”

“…Chicken feathers comprise important mineral elements such as Ca, P and Mg, and protein keratin containing high amounts of glutamate, cysteine, glycine, arginine, and phenylalanine (Taşkın and Kurbanoğlu 2011). In several studies, therefore, chicken feather protein hydrolysate (CFPH) was evaluated as a general substrate for bacterial and fungal growth (Taşkın and Kurbanoğlu 2011;Taşkın et al 2012), and also both an alternative organic fertilizer and a biocontrol agent for crop cultivation (Gurav and Jadhav 2013; Mézes et al 2015;Genç and Atıcı 2019). CFPH, in addition, exhibited a stimulating effect on seed germination and seedling growth of ryegrass, rapeseed, and maize (Gousterova et al 2012;Popko et al 2015).…”

Life cycle assessment of composting and utilisation of broiler chicken manure

“…compost, meat, bone and feather meal, etc.) that are not useful for livestock production technologies, can play an essential part in soil resource replenishment and even serve as a viable alternative to fertilizers (Moyo and Swanepoel, 2010;Mézes et al, 2015;Magnusson, 2016;He et al, , 2020Gorliczay et al, 2021). The issue of how to use the increased amount of manure has become increasingly important in recent years not only from an environmental but also from a circular economy perspective, thanks to fast-growing livestock sectors such as broiler farming (Chia et al, 2019;Nalunga et al, 2021).…”