Poverty and Inequality among Ethnic Groups in Chile

Abstract

Despite two decades of rapid growth, indigenous Chileans are disproportionately poor. However, income data obtained from non-representative surveys yield imprecise estimates of poverty and inequality. This paper therefore estimates poverty and inequality using poverty mapping methods. In contrast to previous studies, however, we use ethnicity rather than geography as a basis for disaggregation. We find that indigenous Chileans are significantly poorer than non-indigenous people, but that inequality rates are also lower for indigenous groups. These reliable estimates of poverty and inequality may augment the antipoverty targeting criteria used in Chile, helping policy-makers to better identify poor households.

On the justification of intergroup violence: The roles of procedural justice, police legitimacy, and group identity in attitudes toward violence among indigenous people.

“…Nowadays, mapuche people face discrimination in multiple ways: they are poorer than nonindigenous Chileans (Agostini, Brown, & Roman, 2010;Skjaevestad, 2008) and have lower education levels (Cantero & Williamson, 2009). They are stereotyped as being lazy, rude, violent (Saiz, 1986;Saiz, Rapimán, & Mladinic, 2008) and prone to conflict (Simon & González, 2010), and both mapuche and non-indigenous people in Chile display implicit negative attitudes towards this minority group (Haye et al, 2010).…”

Income Distribution across Ethnic Groups in Malaysia: Results from a New Social Accounting Matrix

“…The persistence of income inequality between the lower‐income majority (ethnic Malays) and higher‐income minority groups (Chinese and Indians) makes it important to examine the components of that inequality. Malaysia's income distribution differs from that of other developing economies such as Vietnam (van de Walle and Gunewardena, ) and Chile (Agostini et al., ), in which minority groups earn lower incomes. The present study examines how income inequality can be decomposed into different income types and thereby illustrates how production and labor market structures might affect income inequality.…”

Engaging critical community resilience praxis: A qualitative study with Mapuche communities in Chile facing structural racism and disasters

“…Findings from the Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional (CASEN) database from 2013 suggest that Chileans who identify as a member of an indigenous group are more likely to present with higher levels of poverty and extreme poverty compared to individuals who do not identify with any indigenous group (Ministerio de Desarrollo Social, 2014). In total, around 30% of all self-identified Mapuche live below the poverty line, and less than 3% of the Mapuche population receive education after high school (Agostini, Brown, & Roman, 2010).…”