Power dissipation in microwave-enhanced in situ transesterification of algal biomass to biodiesel

Patil, Prafulla D.; Reddy, Harvind K.; Muppaneni, Tapaswy; Mannarswamy, Aravind; Schuab, Tanner; Holguín, F. Omar; Lammers, Peter J.; Nirmalakhandan, Nagamany; Cooke, Peter; Deng, Shuguang

doi:10.1039/c2gc16195h

Cited by 66 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Methanol is a strong microwave absorption material and, in general, the presence of an OH group attached to a large molecule behaves as though it were anchored to an immobile raft, and the more localized rotations dominate the microwave spectrum and result in localized superheating which assists the algal biodiesel reaction to complete faster in the presence of catalyst [19]. The microwave-enhanced transesterification reaction and detailed base-catalyzed (KOH) microwave transesterification mechanism of algal biomass to yield methyl ester is illustrated elsewhere [16,20]. The ethyl ester production from crude palm oil/triglycerides with high free fatty acid (FFA) content has been studied.…”

Section: Catalytic Methods For Algal Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…8.1d). The lipid droplets can be seen in some cells with discrete yellow-fluorescent areas with little or no spectral component from green fluorescence [16].…”

Section: Lipid Identification In Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values of the model parameters and analysis of variance were verified with method of least squares to establish their statistical significance at a confidence level of 95 %. The power factor in the reaction played a vital role in the yield of algal biodiesel illustrated by the P-Value close to zero [16]. The change in power factor will mostly affect the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME).…”

Section: Controlled Power Dissipation Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental protocol for the single-step microwave-assisted extraction and transesterification process for dry algal biomass is illustrated in Fig. 8 [16]. Copyright © 2012, RSC n-hexane and filtering through activated carbon using 1.2 μm GFC filter in stepwise manner.…”

Section: Controlled Power Dissipation Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave-Enhanced In Situ Transesterification of Algal Biomass to Biodiesel

Patil

Deng

2014

Production of Biofuels and Chemicals With Microwave

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Microwave-enhanced in situ transesterification for algal biodiesel production can be considered as a green process and a preferred method as it increases reaction rates, reduces energy consumption and extractive-transesterification time, and produces a significant yield of product with less by-product formation. This process enables simultaneous extraction of lipids from algal biomass and efficiently transesterifies them into crude biodiesel. In this chapter, emphasis on the optimization of microwave-enhanced methods for algal biodiesel is presented with catalytic and non-catalytic approaches. The influence of process parameters on fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yields under microwave "controlled power" and "controlled temperature" conditions is discussed. A response surface methodology (RSM) is applied to design the experiments and optimizes the process parameters. A novel integrated non-catalytic approach for direct conversion of algal biomass to fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) under microwave-mediated supercritical ethanol (SCE) conditions is demonstrated. The reaction mechanism, experimental protocol, statistical analysis and experimental design, energy consumption of these presented processes are discussed in detail. This simple in situ microwave-enhanced transesterification process has the potential to provide an energy-efficient and cost effective route for sustainable algal biodiesel production.

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Section: Catalytic Methods For Algal Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…8.1d). The lipid droplets can be seen in some cells with discrete yellow-fluorescent areas with little or no spectral component from green fluorescence [16].…”

Section: Lipid Identification In Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Controlled Power Dissipation Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Controlled Power Dissipation Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Microwave-Enhanced In Situ Transesterification of Algal Biomass to Biodiesel

Patil

Deng

2014

Production of Biofuels and Chemicals With Microwave

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“…Very often, due to lack of published data, an average and simplified elemental biomass composition of yeast (CH 1.8 O 0.5 N 0.2 ) is taken into account to calculate elemental balances of various microbial processes. However, the biomass composition varies depending on the type of microorganism [19], growth conditions [20], harvesting conditions and isolation methods [21]. Thus, the elemental biomass composition should be determined for each particular microorganism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the elemental biomass composition of Desmodesmus sp. cultivated in sugarcane stillage

Tasić¹,

Rios²,

Santos³

et al. 2016

Adv techn

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Cultivating algae on various stillage types present an alternative to current stillage application for fertirrigation of the sugarcane. The objective of this study was to determine how algal concentration, nutrient removal efficiency and elemental composition of Desmodesmus sp. algae change in response to different (raw and digested) types of stillage. Algal biomass was cultivated and harvested at laboratory scale. Obtained concentrations were 0.5 g/L and 0.3 g/L for Desmodesmus sp. grown in raw and digested stillage, respectively. At these concentrations, total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN as Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen or N-TKN) removal from stillage medium accounted 39.78% and 5.58% for raw; 20.83% and 5.43% for digested stillage, respectively. The Desmodesmus sp. used in the present study contained high carbon and oxygen content, similar to other algal species. Calcium, phosphorus, and sulfur were the three most abundant inorganic elements. Both biomasses were free of chlorine and with the low content of potassium. The phosphorous content in both biomasses was in the range of 6.03%-6.84%, which could classify these biomasses as useful plant nutrients.

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